Mining procedure
bitcoin mining machine is the computer used to earn bitcoin
mining software is the algorithm of bitcoin
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009. According to the idea of Nakamoto, the open source software is designed and released, and the P2P network on it is constructed. Bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses the distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses the design of cryptography to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation
the decentralized feature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially control the value of bitcoin by mass manufacturing. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity
extended data:
bitcoin has the following six characteristics
1. Decentralization: bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency, the whole network is composed of users, and there is no central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom
2. Worldwide circulation: bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin
3. Exclusive ownership: private key is needed to control bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself
4. Low transaction cost: bitcoin can be remitted free of charge, but a transaction fee of about 1 bitfen will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution
5, no hidden cost: as a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. If you know the other party's bitcoin address, you can pay
6. Cross platform Mining: users can explore the computing power of different hardware on many platforms
source of reference:
network bitcoin mining machine
network bitcoin
Ha Yu miner, windows can mine with one click, and it hasn't pumped water yet. At the same time, they also have an app that can monitor your machine at any time
linux system can also mine, two-step setting can mine
Mining in two steps by Linux system
< UL >open the website, input the mobile phone number, select how many CPUs you want to use to mine, the default is to use 50% of the CPU to mine, click to generate your exclusive command and
is such a simple operation
a new customer recently consulted with sine security company, saying that his server often fails to open the website of the card, and the remote connection to the server is extremely slow. Sometimes the Ping value reaches 300-500, and he often switches. After listening to the customer's words,
will generally judge that he has been attacked by CC + DDoS mixed traffic, It's strange to say that there is no traffic attack on the computer room. It's not a traffic attack, but it also causes the server card and website to fail to open. What kind of attack is this? In order to solve the problem of
client server card, we immediately arranged a security engineer to carry out security detection and deployment on his Linux server
{rrrrrrr}
Mining Trojan horse is also designed. If the mining process is forced to stop by customers, it will automatically start to continue mining to achieve uninterrupted mining.
careful inspection shows that it is through setting the hourly task plan, remotely downloading shell mining Trojan horse, and then executing, Check whether the current process exists or not. If not, start the Trojan horse to mine
a detailed security inspection was carried out on the client's Linux server. It was found that fortunately, there was no encrypted server data, and the worm was infected with the disease through the security detection and analysis of our security engineers, we found that the server uses Apache Tomcat environment, the open architecture of the platform is JSP + Oracle database, and Apache Tomcat uses the version of 2016, which leads to the serious remote command execution vulnerability of Apache, Through this vulnerability, the intruder can directly invade the server and get the administrator permission of the server,
virus. If the data was encrypted, the loss would be great. The client was a platform, and the client's data was very important. After finding out the mining Trojan horse,
do customers need to know how the server is attacked? Was the Trojan horse uploaded? It can prevent the attack
in the later stage
sine security engineer immediately repairs the Apache vulnerability and clears the Trojan horse. So far, the problem has been solved, the client server
runs stably, and the network station opens normally
if the process
magic rabbit is more practical
you can see all the processes in the process option of magic rabbit
the system process is green and marked as system process, other processes are black, and the location of the file of that process in your computer is displayed, And right click the process, there will be online check the process information, a little open, there is a very clear label, such as: whether it is a Trojan horse, whether it is an error, whether it is a background process, whether it occupies memory, whether it is a spy, and a series of instructions.
log in to the server and use top to check CPU usage. This program called minerd consumes a large amount of CPU, as shown in the figure below:
this program is not our normal service program. I think it must be hacked, Then I searched this program. It's really a mining Trojan horse program. Now that I know it's a Trojan horse program, let's see how it works, and then how to repair the back door
this program is placed under / opt / minerd. When it is determined that it is not related to the project, it is judged to be a Trojan horse program, decisively kills the process, and then deletes the minerd file under / opt
Exhibition
(2) review opinions of the state (prefecture, city) and county (city, administrative committee) on extension and change< (3) application for registration of renewal and change< (4) original and plicate of the original mining license< 4. Materials to be submitted for the transfer of mining rights (1) application for transfer< (2) the assignment contract signed by the assignor and the assignee
(3) the qualification certificate of the transferee< (4) written materials issued by the original certification authority that the transferor meets the transfer conditions< (5) report on mineral resources exploitation< (6) at the same time, the state-owned mining enterprises shall submit the approval documents of the competent authorities for the transfer of mining rights< (7) for the transfer of mining rights funded by the state, the confirmation of mining right evaluation results and the documents of price rection and exemption shall be submitted< (8) if the mining right is transferred again, a of the approval document of the previous transfer shall be submitted< (9) if the transferred mining right is not funded by the state, the transfer applicant shall submit the relevant investment certificate< (10) original and plicate of mining right license< (1) newly established mining right is 40 days< (2) renewal of mining right for 30 days< (3) transfer the mining right for 40 days< (1) the price of mining right is charged according to the price confirmation and rection documents< (2) mining right royalty: 1000 yuan per square kilometer according to mining area< (3) registration fee: 500 yuan for large mines, 300 yuan for medium mines and 200 yuan for small mines.
according to the current relevant laws and regulations in China, there are two ways to establish mining rights: one is to approve mining rights through competition; the other is to approve mining rights through competition; The second is to examine and approve the establishment of mining rights by applying
the winner or applicant who meets the required qualification conditions, after approval and going through the required proceres, obtains the mining license and becomes the mining right holder< According to the regulations of the Ministry of land and resources of the people's Republic of China on the administration of bidding, auction and listing of exploration rights and mining rights (for Trial Implementation), the establishment of new mining rights in one of the following five situations, The Department in charge of mining rights shall grant mining rights through bidding, auction and listing:
1
2
3
4
5. Other situations stipulated by the Ministry of land and resources and provincial authorities< (2) approval of application for transfer of mining rights
according to the administrative measures for bidding, auction and listing of exploration rights and mining rights (for Trial Implementation), the competent department of mining rights shall not grant mining rights by bidding, auction and listing under any of the following circumstances:
1
2. Areas that need to be mined uniformly in the upper and lower parts of the mining area with mining rights and the mining area with mining enterprises that meet the requirements of the mineral resources planning or the overall planning of the mining area
3
4. The ownership of exploration right and mining right is controversial
5. It is not suitable to award by way of bidding, auction and listing e to special circumstances as otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations and the competent department
China implements the system of paid acquisition of mining rights. When applying for the mining right of the state funded exploration and proved mineral land, the applicant of the mining right shall pay the price of the mining right formed by the state funded exploration confirmed by evaluation before obtaining the mining right
when applying to the Department of land and resources for the prospecting certificate, the customer should submit the following application materials (Note: Please bind the materials in the following order; Electronic documents are reported by U disk or mobile hard disk; The format of electronic document is word document, and the format of map is JPG)
1. Application and registration form of exploration right (original in triplicate) (Note: the application and registration form of exploration right must be filled in and saved by using the offer software of exploration right to form an electronic offer, Submit the application together with other data. Please download the software of prospecting right offer from the website of the Ministry of land and resources)
2. The applied block scope map (original, 1 ) (attached with 1 electronic document)
3. The "business license of enterprise legal person" or "certificate of institution legal person" of the applicant for exploration right is within the validity period and has been inspected annually (1 ) (1 electronic document attached)< 4. The geological exploration qualification certificate of the exploration unit is within the validity period and has been inspected (1 ) (attached with 1 electronic document)
5. Exploration contract or exploration plan (1 original) (attached with 1 electronic document)
6. Certificate of fund source of exploration project (1 original) (attached with 1 electronic document)
7. Implementation plan and appendix of exploration work (2 originals) (1 electronic document attached)
8. Traffic location map (1 ) (attached with 1 electronic file)
9. Electronic offer (1 ) (attached with 1 electronic document)
10. For foreign-related projects, the company contract and articles of association of the applicant for exploration right (1 ) (1 electronic document attached) shall also be submitted
11. For the project transferred by agreement, the relevant documents of the project transferred by agreement shall also be submitted (1 electronic document attached)
the following problems should be paid attention to when organizing the application materials of exploration certificate:
1. The application registration form of exploration right must be filled in by the application software of exploration right (the application software of exploration right can be downloaded from the website of the Ministry of land and resources)< There are two kinds of materials to be reported: one is printed and bound; The other is electronic documents. Both should be prepared at the same time. Only the printed binding is unqualified; If there is no prospecting Certificate in the electronic document, the offer is also unqualified< In addition to printing and binding according to the above requirements, all the above data should also be scanned into electronic documents (the electronic document format is word document and the drawing format is JPG), and the electronic documents should be put on U disk or mobile hard disk or CD-ROM for reporting