Accounting treatment of mining business
Publish: 2021-05-10 18:53:08
1. From cheap electricity to centralized mining, China's resources and environment provide bitcoin miners with many advantages. In recent years, bitcoin miners have used cheap electricity to expand their business in coal rich regions such as Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, which are home to the founders of some of the world's leading mining companies
with the rising price of bitcoin, more and more people join the bitcoin mining business. Accordingly, mining consumes more and more energy. Obviously, our government is also aware of this
according to the requirements of the document, regulators require local governments to take measures related to electricity price, land use, tax and environmental protection to guide bitcoin miners to withdraw from the business. According to foreign media reports, regulatory authorities are mainly concerned about the money laundering and financial risks involved in the shutdown policy, but excessive power consumption is also a factor that can not be ignored. In principle, bitcoin mining consumes a lot of power because every time a new bitcoin is proced, it needs to solve the complex mathematical problems through the encryption process performed by a high-performance computer. Mining calculation process is used to verify bitcoin transactions in the blockchain to ensure security, but the disadvantage is that it consumes a lot of energy.
with the rising price of bitcoin, more and more people join the bitcoin mining business. Accordingly, mining consumes more and more energy. Obviously, our government is also aware of this
according to the requirements of the document, regulators require local governments to take measures related to electricity price, land use, tax and environmental protection to guide bitcoin miners to withdraw from the business. According to foreign media reports, regulatory authorities are mainly concerned about the money laundering and financial risks involved in the shutdown policy, but excessive power consumption is also a factor that can not be ignored. In principle, bitcoin mining consumes a lot of power because every time a new bitcoin is proced, it needs to solve the complex mathematical problems through the encryption process performed by a high-performance computer. Mining calculation process is used to verify bitcoin transactions in the blockchain to ensure security, but the disadvantage is that it consumes a lot of energy.
2. According to Article 25 of the regulations on the implementation of the enterprise income tax law, "if an enterprise exchanges non monetary assets and uses goods, property and services for donation, debt repayment, sponsorship, fund-raising, advertising, samples, employee welfare or profit distribution, it shall be regarded as selling goods, transferring property or providing services, but the State Council's financial department and Unless otherwise stipulated by the competent tax authorities. " Both parties of the transaction shall submit the declaration form for special tax treatment of assets (equity) transfer of resident enterprises and relevant information to their respective competent tax authorities when the annual final settlement of enterprise income tax is made. The relevant information is as follows: 1. General information of equity or asset transfer, including basic information, transfer scheme, etc., and detailed description of the business purpose of transfer; 2. If the equity or asset transfer contract (agreement) signed by two or more parties to the transaction needs to be approved by competent departments (including internal and external departments), approval documents shall be provided; 3. Description of the net book value and tax basis of the Transferred Equity or assets; 4. Description of equity or assets transferred by both parties according to the net book value (accounting treatment data shall be attached); 5. Explanation that neither party of the transaction has confirmed the profit and loss in accounting (accounting treatment data shall be attached); 6. A letter of commitment not to change the original substantive business activities of the Transferred Equity or assets within 12 months.
3. The accounting treatment methods of the two types of mining enterprises are different, and their respective treatment methods are as follows:
the first type of enterprises: accounting treatment regulations of enterprise exploration right and mining right
I. accounting of exploration right royalty and price
(I) accounting subject
enterprises should add "exploration and development cost" subject and "geological achievement" subject, The expenses incurred in the process of geological exploration and the actual cost of geological achievements obtained through geological exploration are calculated respectively
the enterprise should add "exploration right use fee payable" and "exploration right price payable" under the "other accounts payable" subject (the foreign-invested enterprise should add "exploration right use fee payable" and "exploration right price payable" under the "other accounts payable" subject, the same below), and calculate the exploration right use fee and price payable by the enterprise according to the regulations
(2) accounting treatment
when an enterprise applies for the exploration right according to the regulations, the exploration right use fee paid by it is directly included in the exploration and development cost. The enterprise shall calculate the exploration right use fee payable in accordance with the provisions and debit the "exploration and development cost - ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "or" other accounts payable - Exploration royalty payable "subject
when an enterprise applies for the exploration right formed by the state funded exploration, it should pay not only the exploration right use fee, but also the exploration right price, which is directly included in the exploration and development cost. The price of exploration right payable by the enterprise according to the regulations shall be debited as "exploration and development cost - ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "or" other accounts payable - exploration right price payable "subject
the actual payment of exploration right use fee and price shall be debited into the title of "other accounts payable - exploration right use fee and price payable" and credited into the title of "bank deposit"
various expenses incurred by the enterprise in the process of exploration and proction are debited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project, credit "bank deposit", "wages payable" and other subjects. If geological achievements are formed after exploration, they shall be debited to the title of "geological achievements" and credited to "exploration and development costs" ×× Project "subject; If the geological achievements cannot be formed, they shall be included in the current profits and losses at one time, debited to the title of "management expenses - Exploration and development costs" and credit to "exploration and development costs - Exploration and development costs" ×× Project
various expenses incurred by petroleum enterprises in the process of exploration and proction are debited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "," wages payable "and other subjects; If geological achievements are formed at the end of exploration and transferred to mining, the part forming assets shall be debited to "fixed assets" and other subjects, and the "exploration and development cost" shall be credited ×× Project "subject; The part that has not formed assets shall be written off after approval, debited to the relevant accounts, and credited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project. If all geological achievements have not been formed after the exploration, the exploration and development expenses incurred shall be written off after approval, debited to the relevant accounts, and credited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project< (1) accounting subject
an enterprise should add a detailed account of "mining right" under the "intangible assets" subject to calculate the mining right obtained by the enterprise through paying the price of the mining right and funded by the state. Add "mining right use fee payable" and "mining right price payable" under "other accounts payable" (foreign-invested enterprises add "mining right use fee payable" and "mining right price payable" under "other accounts payable", the same below), and calculate the mining right use fee and price payable by enterprises
the enterprise should add a detailed account of "mining right use fee" under the "management fee" to calculate the mining right use fee paid by the enterprise according to the regulations in the mining process
(2) accounting treatment
when an enterprise applies for mining right, the mining right use fee it should pay is directly included in the current management fee. The enterprise calculates the mining right use fee payable according to the regulations, debits the title of "management fee - mining right use fee", and credits the title of "bank deposit" and "other payable - mining right use fee payable"
for mining rights funded by the state obtained by enterprises through paying the price of mining rights, the price of mining rights that should be paid according to regulations should be accounted as intangible assets, and be averagely amortized by stages ring the benefit period of mining rights. The enterprise shall debit the title of "intangible assets mining right" and credit the title of "bank deposit" or "other payable funds mining right price" according to the mining right price payable; When amortization is carried out by stages, it is debited to the title of "management expenses - amortization of intangible assets" and credited to the title of "intangible assets - mining right"
the actual payment of royalty and price of mining right is debited into the title of "other accounts payable - royalty and price of mining right payable" and credited into the title of "bank deposit"< (3) accounting for the transfer of exploration right and mining right
when transferring the exploration right and mining right actually owned by state-owned enterprises and formed by state funded exploration, they should first pay the price of exploration right and mining right, debit the title of "geological achievements" and "intangible assets mining right", and credit the part of capital increased according to regulations to the title of "paid in capital", The part handed in according to regulations shall be credited to the subject of "bank deposit". When transferring, debit "bank deposit" and credit "other business income"; At the same time, carry forward the cost of exploration right and mining right, debit "other business expenses" and credit "geological achievements" and "intangible assets mining right"
when a state-owned enterprise transfers the exploration right formed by its own investment in exploration according to regulations, it debits the title of "bank deposit" and credits the title of "other business income"; At the same time, carry forward the cost of exploration rights, debit "other business expenses" and credit "geological achievements"
when an enterprise transfers the mining right formed by its own investment in exploration according to regulations, it debits the title of "bank deposit" and credits the title of "other business income"; At the same time, carry forward the amortization value of the transferred mining right, debit "other business expenses" and credit "geological achievements"< 4. Accounting statements
enterprises should add "geological achievements" and "exploration and development costs" under the "other long-term assets" item in the "balance sheet" to reflect the actual cost of geological achievements obtained by enterprises e to geological exploration and various expenditures incurred in the process of geological exploration< The second kind of enterprises: accounting treatment of exploration right and mining right of geological exploration units. 1. When geological exploration units apply for the acquisition of exploration right, the exploration right use fee should be directly included in the proction cost of geological exploration. The fees for the use of exploration rights payable by geological exploration units in accordance with the provisions shall be debited to "geological exploration proction" ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "and" other accounts payable - exploration right use fee "subject
when geological exploration units apply for the exploration right formed by state funded exploration, they should pay not only the exploration right use fee, but also the exploration right price. The price of exploration right should be directly included in the proction cost of geological exploration. The price of exploration right payable by geological exploration units shall be debited to "geological exploration and proction" ×× Project "and credit" bank deposit "and" other accounts payable - price of exploration right "
when the exploration right use fee and price are actually paid, it is debited to "other accounts payable - exploration right use fee and price payable" and credited to "bank deposit"< When geological exploration units apply for mining right, the mining right use fee should be directly included in the current management fee. The mining right use fee payable by geological exploration units shall be debited into the title of "management fee" and credited into the title of "bank deposit" and "other payable - mining right use fee payable"
when geological exploration units apply for the mining right formed by state funded exploration, they should pay not only the mining right use fee, but also the mining right price. The price of mining right should be accounted as intangible assets, and should be averagely amortized by stages ring the benefit period of mining right. Geological exploration units should add a detailed account of "mining right" under the title of "intangible assets", debit the title of "intangible assets - mining right" and credit the title of "bank deposit" and "other accounts payable - mining right price"; When amortization is carried out by stages, it is debited to the "management expenses" account and credited to the "intangible assets - mining rights" account
when actually paying the royalty and price of mining right, debit the title of "other payable - royalty and price of mining right payable" and credit the title of "bank deposit"< (3) the costs of geological exploration proction and the costs of geological exploration proction carried forward by geological exploration units shall be accounted in accordance with the current accounting system for geological exploration units. Among them, the costs of geological exploration proction incurred by self funded exploration shall be turned into losses if no geological achievements have been formed, Transfer from "geological exploration and proction" to "management expense", debit "management expense" and credit "geological exploration and proction"< (4) the transfer of exploration right or foreign investment with exploration right by geological exploration units upon approval shall be handled in accordance with the current accounting system for geological exploration units on the transfer of geological achievements< When the geological exploration unit is approved to transfer the mining right, it will debit the title of "bank deposit" and credit the title of "business income - diversified business income" according to the transfer income; At the same time, carry forward the amortization value of the transferred mining right, debit the title of "operating cost - diversified operating cost" and credit the title of "intangible assets - mining right".
the first type of enterprises: accounting treatment regulations of enterprise exploration right and mining right
I. accounting of exploration right royalty and price
(I) accounting subject
enterprises should add "exploration and development cost" subject and "geological achievement" subject, The expenses incurred in the process of geological exploration and the actual cost of geological achievements obtained through geological exploration are calculated respectively
the enterprise should add "exploration right use fee payable" and "exploration right price payable" under the "other accounts payable" subject (the foreign-invested enterprise should add "exploration right use fee payable" and "exploration right price payable" under the "other accounts payable" subject, the same below), and calculate the exploration right use fee and price payable by the enterprise according to the regulations
(2) accounting treatment
when an enterprise applies for the exploration right according to the regulations, the exploration right use fee paid by it is directly included in the exploration and development cost. The enterprise shall calculate the exploration right use fee payable in accordance with the provisions and debit the "exploration and development cost - ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "or" other accounts payable - Exploration royalty payable "subject
when an enterprise applies for the exploration right formed by the state funded exploration, it should pay not only the exploration right use fee, but also the exploration right price, which is directly included in the exploration and development cost. The price of exploration right payable by the enterprise according to the regulations shall be debited as "exploration and development cost - ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "or" other accounts payable - exploration right price payable "subject
the actual payment of exploration right use fee and price shall be debited into the title of "other accounts payable - exploration right use fee and price payable" and credited into the title of "bank deposit"
various expenses incurred by the enterprise in the process of exploration and proction are debited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project, credit "bank deposit", "wages payable" and other subjects. If geological achievements are formed after exploration, they shall be debited to the title of "geological achievements" and credited to "exploration and development costs" ×× Project "subject; If the geological achievements cannot be formed, they shall be included in the current profits and losses at one time, debited to the title of "management expenses - Exploration and development costs" and credit to "exploration and development costs - Exploration and development costs" ×× Project
various expenses incurred by petroleum enterprises in the process of exploration and proction are debited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "," wages payable "and other subjects; If geological achievements are formed at the end of exploration and transferred to mining, the part forming assets shall be debited to "fixed assets" and other subjects, and the "exploration and development cost" shall be credited ×× Project "subject; The part that has not formed assets shall be written off after approval, debited to the relevant accounts, and credited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project. If all geological achievements have not been formed after the exploration, the exploration and development expenses incurred shall be written off after approval, debited to the relevant accounts, and credited to "exploration and development costs - ×× Project< (1) accounting subject
an enterprise should add a detailed account of "mining right" under the "intangible assets" subject to calculate the mining right obtained by the enterprise through paying the price of the mining right and funded by the state. Add "mining right use fee payable" and "mining right price payable" under "other accounts payable" (foreign-invested enterprises add "mining right use fee payable" and "mining right price payable" under "other accounts payable", the same below), and calculate the mining right use fee and price payable by enterprises
the enterprise should add a detailed account of "mining right use fee" under the "management fee" to calculate the mining right use fee paid by the enterprise according to the regulations in the mining process
(2) accounting treatment
when an enterprise applies for mining right, the mining right use fee it should pay is directly included in the current management fee. The enterprise calculates the mining right use fee payable according to the regulations, debits the title of "management fee - mining right use fee", and credits the title of "bank deposit" and "other payable - mining right use fee payable"
for mining rights funded by the state obtained by enterprises through paying the price of mining rights, the price of mining rights that should be paid according to regulations should be accounted as intangible assets, and be averagely amortized by stages ring the benefit period of mining rights. The enterprise shall debit the title of "intangible assets mining right" and credit the title of "bank deposit" or "other payable funds mining right price" according to the mining right price payable; When amortization is carried out by stages, it is debited to the title of "management expenses - amortization of intangible assets" and credited to the title of "intangible assets - mining right"
the actual payment of royalty and price of mining right is debited into the title of "other accounts payable - royalty and price of mining right payable" and credited into the title of "bank deposit"< (3) accounting for the transfer of exploration right and mining right
when transferring the exploration right and mining right actually owned by state-owned enterprises and formed by state funded exploration, they should first pay the price of exploration right and mining right, debit the title of "geological achievements" and "intangible assets mining right", and credit the part of capital increased according to regulations to the title of "paid in capital", The part handed in according to regulations shall be credited to the subject of "bank deposit". When transferring, debit "bank deposit" and credit "other business income"; At the same time, carry forward the cost of exploration right and mining right, debit "other business expenses" and credit "geological achievements" and "intangible assets mining right"
when a state-owned enterprise transfers the exploration right formed by its own investment in exploration according to regulations, it debits the title of "bank deposit" and credits the title of "other business income"; At the same time, carry forward the cost of exploration rights, debit "other business expenses" and credit "geological achievements"
when an enterprise transfers the mining right formed by its own investment in exploration according to regulations, it debits the title of "bank deposit" and credits the title of "other business income"; At the same time, carry forward the amortization value of the transferred mining right, debit "other business expenses" and credit "geological achievements"< 4. Accounting statements
enterprises should add "geological achievements" and "exploration and development costs" under the "other long-term assets" item in the "balance sheet" to reflect the actual cost of geological achievements obtained by enterprises e to geological exploration and various expenditures incurred in the process of geological exploration< The second kind of enterprises: accounting treatment of exploration right and mining right of geological exploration units. 1. When geological exploration units apply for the acquisition of exploration right, the exploration right use fee should be directly included in the proction cost of geological exploration. The fees for the use of exploration rights payable by geological exploration units in accordance with the provisions shall be debited to "geological exploration proction" ×× Project "subject, credit" bank deposit "and" other accounts payable - exploration right use fee "subject
when geological exploration units apply for the exploration right formed by state funded exploration, they should pay not only the exploration right use fee, but also the exploration right price. The price of exploration right should be directly included in the proction cost of geological exploration. The price of exploration right payable by geological exploration units shall be debited to "geological exploration and proction" ×× Project "and credit" bank deposit "and" other accounts payable - price of exploration right "
when the exploration right use fee and price are actually paid, it is debited to "other accounts payable - exploration right use fee and price payable" and credited to "bank deposit"< When geological exploration units apply for mining right, the mining right use fee should be directly included in the current management fee. The mining right use fee payable by geological exploration units shall be debited into the title of "management fee" and credited into the title of "bank deposit" and "other payable - mining right use fee payable"
when geological exploration units apply for the mining right formed by state funded exploration, they should pay not only the mining right use fee, but also the mining right price. The price of mining right should be accounted as intangible assets, and should be averagely amortized by stages ring the benefit period of mining right. Geological exploration units should add a detailed account of "mining right" under the title of "intangible assets", debit the title of "intangible assets - mining right" and credit the title of "bank deposit" and "other accounts payable - mining right price"; When amortization is carried out by stages, it is debited to the "management expenses" account and credited to the "intangible assets - mining rights" account
when actually paying the royalty and price of mining right, debit the title of "other payable - royalty and price of mining right payable" and credit the title of "bank deposit"< (3) the costs of geological exploration proction and the costs of geological exploration proction carried forward by geological exploration units shall be accounted in accordance with the current accounting system for geological exploration units. Among them, the costs of geological exploration proction incurred by self funded exploration shall be turned into losses if no geological achievements have been formed, Transfer from "geological exploration and proction" to "management expense", debit "management expense" and credit "geological exploration and proction"< (4) the transfer of exploration right or foreign investment with exploration right by geological exploration units upon approval shall be handled in accordance with the current accounting system for geological exploration units on the transfer of geological achievements< When the geological exploration unit is approved to transfer the mining right, it will debit the title of "bank deposit" and credit the title of "business income - diversified business income" according to the transfer income; At the same time, carry forward the amortization value of the transferred mining right, debit the title of "operating cost - diversified operating cost" and credit the title of "intangible assets - mining right".
4. Blockchain technology is to use computers to solve some propositions that can't be calculated by human brain. Generally, these propositions can't be judged by backstepping. They can only be tested one by one, so this is our legendary mining. So the stronger the computing power of the computer, the easier it is to try to get the right number, which means that we have succeeded in mining
this is totally different from the operations in accounting. Most of the operations in accounting are floating-point operations, which are totally different.
this is totally different from the operations in accounting. Most of the operations in accounting are floating-point operations, which are totally different.
5. At present, in addition to bitcoin, most of the other virtual currencies are not used in the market. They are pure speculation, and the price is not as stable as stocks. Moreover, some virtual currencies are not open source, which is pyramid schemes
Mining requires a lot of graphics cards and consumes a lot of power resources. The bitcoin pool itself is nearly exhausted, and other coins have no mining value. It is likely that the coins g out will not sell a single electricity bill, resulting in a lot of waste of resources
finally, virtual currency trading is prohibited in China, so the risk of hyping virtual currency is too high, so it is normal for mining to be included in the eliminated instry
Mining requires a lot of graphics cards and consumes a lot of power resources. The bitcoin pool itself is nearly exhausted, and other coins have no mining value. It is likely that the coins g out will not sell a single electricity bill, resulting in a lot of waste of resources
finally, virtual currency trading is prohibited in China, so the risk of hyping virtual currency is too high, so it is normal for mining to be included in the eliminated instry
6. Mining resources tax can be paid according to the following four situations
(1) accounting treatment of resource tax payable for enterprises selling taxable procts, The relevant accounting treatment is as follows:
(2) accounting treatment of resource tax payable on self-proced and self used taxable procts
taxpayers' self-proced and self used taxable procts should also be treated as sales and pay resource tax according to law. The resource tax paid by taxpayers should be based on the actual department and purpose of collection, It is disbursed in such subjects as "proction cost", "manufacturing expense", "management expense" and "welfare payable". When the taxpayer calculates the resource tax payable on the taxable procts proced and used by himself, the following entries are made:
(3) accounting treatment of purchasing non taxed mineral procts and collecting and paying resource tax on behalf of others
according to the relevant provisions of the Provisional Regulations on resource tax, the unit purchasing non taxed mineral procts is the withholding agent of resource tax. The enterprise should take the actual price paid for the purchase of non taxed mineral procts and the resource tax withheld as the purchase cost of the purchased mineral procts, and the withheld resource tax should be directly included in the "material purchase" or "raw materials" and other subjects. The accounting treatment is as follows (excluding value-added tax):
(4) the accounting treatment of resource tax payable on the processing of liquid salt into solid salt purchased by enterprises
according to the provisions of tax law, if the taxpayer processes liquid salt (brine) into solid salt, it will be taxed according to the solid salt tax, and the amount of solid salt processed will be taxed, and the self-proced liquid salt will not be taxed. If the taxpayer processes solid salt with purchased liquid salt, the paid resource tax of liquid salt consumed in processing solid salt is allowed to be dected. At the same time, it should be noted that the resource tax belongs to the tax within the price, and the resource tax amount contained in the purchased liquid salt should be regarded as the purchase cost of the liquid salt; When processing solid salt is consumed in proction, the dectible resource tax is calculated to determine the resource tax payable for solid salt.
(1) accounting treatment of resource tax payable for enterprises selling taxable procts, The relevant accounting treatment is as follows:
(2) accounting treatment of resource tax payable on self-proced and self used taxable procts
taxpayers' self-proced and self used taxable procts should also be treated as sales and pay resource tax according to law. The resource tax paid by taxpayers should be based on the actual department and purpose of collection, It is disbursed in such subjects as "proction cost", "manufacturing expense", "management expense" and "welfare payable". When the taxpayer calculates the resource tax payable on the taxable procts proced and used by himself, the following entries are made:
(3) accounting treatment of purchasing non taxed mineral procts and collecting and paying resource tax on behalf of others
according to the relevant provisions of the Provisional Regulations on resource tax, the unit purchasing non taxed mineral procts is the withholding agent of resource tax. The enterprise should take the actual price paid for the purchase of non taxed mineral procts and the resource tax withheld as the purchase cost of the purchased mineral procts, and the withheld resource tax should be directly included in the "material purchase" or "raw materials" and other subjects. The accounting treatment is as follows (excluding value-added tax):
(4) the accounting treatment of resource tax payable on the processing of liquid salt into solid salt purchased by enterprises
according to the provisions of tax law, if the taxpayer processes liquid salt (brine) into solid salt, it will be taxed according to the solid salt tax, and the amount of solid salt processed will be taxed, and the self-proced liquid salt will not be taxed. If the taxpayer processes solid salt with purchased liquid salt, the paid resource tax of liquid salt consumed in processing solid salt is allowed to be dected. At the same time, it should be noted that the resource tax belongs to the tax within the price, and the resource tax amount contained in the purchased liquid salt should be regarded as the purchase cost of the liquid salt; When processing solid salt is consumed in proction, the dectible resource tax is calculated to determine the resource tax payable for solid salt.
7.
Recently, the increase of 80% in advance payment in the fourth quarter of Jianan technology has become a hot spot. Jianan Technology (NASDAQ: can), a super computing solution provider, is committed to improving social operation efficiency and human lifestyle. Jianan technology is a super computing chip developer, Digital blockchain computing equipment manufacturers and digital blockchain computing software and hardware overall solution providers. Jianan technology disclosed its own mining route map, and the fourth quarter advance payment of Jianan technology increased 80% month on month{ RRRRR}
however, the disclosure of the mining roadmap by Jianan technology for its own mining has been revealed, and this mining roadmap is the first disclosure of the company
8. Hangzhou Fuyang district passenger transport center, you can get up from a second floor, right?
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