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1) Dyn11 junction has the characteristics of high output voltage quality, no neutral drift and good lightning protection performance. When the three-phase load at the low-voltage side of the box transformer is unbalanced, because the zero sequence current and the third harmonic current can flow in the closed circuit of the high-voltage winding, the total zero sequence magnetic potential and the third harmonic magnetic potential on each core column are almost equal to zero, so the potential of the low-voltage neutral point does not drift, and the voltage quality is high; Similarly, because the lightning current can also flow in the closed circuit of high-voltage winding resistance, the total magnetic potential of lightning current on each core column is almost equal to zero, eliminating the positive and inverse transformation overvoltage, so the lightning protection performance is good, but there is the problem of incomplete phase operation, so the under voltage protection device can be installed in the low-voltage main switch
2) with Yyn0 connection, when one phase of the high-voltage fuse is blown, the voltage of one phase will be zero, and the voltage of the other two phases will not change, which can rece the power failure range to 1 / 3. This situation will not affect the lighting load with single-phase power supply on the low-voltage side. If the low-voltage side is three-phase power supply power load, it is generally equipped with phase loss protection, so the power load will not be burned e to phase loss operation.
the connection group of transformer is expressed as follows: capital letters indicate the connection mode of primary side (or primary side), and lowercase letters indicate the connection mode of secondary side (or secondary side). Y (or y) is star connection, D (or D) is triangle connection. The number is represented by clock, which is used to represent the phase relationship between the primary and secondary side line voltage. The primary side line voltage phasor is used as the minute hand, fixed at 12 o'clock, and the secondary side line voltage phasor is used as the hour hand
"YN, D11", where 11 means: when the voltage phasor of the primary side line points to the 12 o'clock position as the minute hand, the voltage phasor of the secondary side line is at the 11 o'clock position. In other words, the line voltage UAB on the secondary side lags (or leads) the line voltage UAB on the primary side by 30 degrees
the combination of two windings of transformer forms four connection groups: "Y, Y", "D, Y", "Y, D" and "D, D". Only "Y, Y" and "Y, D" are used in China. Because there are two kinds of Y connection, one is with neutral line, the other is without neutral line, and the other is with neutral line. N means the neutral point has an outgoing line. Yn0 wiring group, UAB and UAB are coincident, and the hour and minute pins are on 12“ 12 "in the new wiring group, it is indicated by" 0 "< (1) the polarity of transformer wiring group shall be marked with reced polarity. The indication of polarity rection refers to that two windings on the same core column have the same polarity at a relatively high or low potential point at a certain moment, marked with "a", "a" or "&8226;" After the polarity rection marking, when the current flows in from the original winding "a", the secondary winding current flows out from "a". The connection group of the transformer is the phase relationship between the line voltages corresponding to the primary and secondary sides of the three-phase weighted winding transformer, which is expressed by clock. The minute hand represents the voltage phasor of the original side line, and the minute hand points to 12. The hour hand represents the corresponding voltage phasor of the secondary side line, and the connection point is the connection point
in no-load operation of transformer, the high voltage side of Yyn0 wiring group is "Y" wiring, and the excitation current is sine wave. Because of the nonlinearity of the magnetization curve of the transformer, the core magnetic flux is a flat top wave, which contains a large third harmonic component. For the three core core distribution transformer, the odd magnetic flux has no channel, only through the air gap, box wall and clamping bolt to form a channel, which increases the hysteresis and eddy current loss; In Dyn11 connection, the odd harmonic current can circulate in the high voltage winding, so that the magnetic flux in the iron core is sine wave, which will not proce the loss of the former. The no-load loss of distribution transformer with the same capacity can be reced by 10% with Dyn11 connection compared with Yyn0 connection
ring the load operation, if the load on the secondary side is asymmetric, all items have zero sequence current, which is 1 / 3 of the neutral current. The zero sequence current generates zero sequence flux in the core of the distribution transformer. The high voltage side of the distribution transformer connected with Yyn0 has no zero sequence current to demagnetize it. The zero sequence flux has no channel in the core of the transformer, and can only form a loop through the air gap, box wall and clamping bolt, In view of this, Yyn0 connection is not suitable for large capacity transformer, and the maximum capacity is 1800kv A. It is stipulated that the neutral current of Yyn0 connection transformer should not exceed 25% of the rated current at low voltage side; In Dyn11 connection, the zero sequence current of the primary winding can circulate in the winding, which in turn can weaken the zero sequence flux of the secondary winding, and will not cause the zero sequence flux to cause overheating of the distribution transformer. Therefore, the neutral line current can almost reach the phase line current value (generally 80% of the phase line current). The regulation stipulates that the neutral line current of Dyn11 connection transformer should not exceed 40% of the rated current of the low voltage side, Therefore, Dyn11 connection can make full use of the distribution transformer capacity as far as possible, and rece the loss at the same time. The load loss of distribution transformer with the same capacity can be reced by 20% with Dyn11 connection compared with Yyn0 connection
for the power supply quality, for the distribution transformer with Yyn0 connection, because the secondary zero sequence flux is not demagnetized, the zero sequence impedance is large, so the zero sequence voltage is also large; Due to the demagnetization of zero sequence flux in Dyn11 connection, the resultant zero sequence flux in iron core is very small. According to the measured data, it is found that the zero sequence impedance of Yyn0 distribution transformer with the same capacity is 8-10 times larger than that of Dyn11. Under the same zero sequence current, the former is 8-10 times larger than that of the latter, resulting in a large deviation of the neutral point of Yyn0 distribution transformer and severe phase voltage asymmetry, Because the zero sequence impedance of distribution transformer with Dyn11 connection is small, the single-phase short circuit of yn11 connection is much larger than that of Yyn0 connection, so the sensitivity of low-voltage main switch over-current protection is much higher. For the high-voltage side, because the low-voltage single-phase short circuit current of Dyn11 connection is also large for the high-voltage side, when the high-voltage side over-current relay protection is also used as low-voltage single-phase grounding protection, Its sensitivity is also higher than that of Yyn0. Although Dyn11 connection has many advantages, distribution transformers of two connection groups are allowed in the technical specification for rural low voltage power (DL / T 499-2001)
why should the low voltage side of main transformer adopt triangle connection method
the triangle is connected to eliminate the third harmonic. To prevent a large number of harmonics from being transmitted to the system and causing the distortion of the voltage waveform of the power grid. One of the important characteristics of the third harmonic is the same phase, which can form a circulation in the triangle side, so as to effectively weaken the harmonic transmission to the system and ensure the quality of power supply. In addition, the zero sequence current can also form a circulating current in the triangle connection, because the neutral point is directly grounded at the high voltage side of the main transformer, so as to prevent the zero sequence current from channeling into the high voltage side when the fault occurs at the low voltage side, which makes the zero sequence protection of the upper power grid misoperate
the high voltage side of main transformer is connected with star type to rece the loss and current of the line, rece non-ferrous metals and improve neutral grounding. The reason why the triangle type is connected to the low voltage side is that the triangle type has the third harmonic attenuation effect
the high voltage side of low voltage station transformer is connected with triangle type to prevent the third harmonic from entering the low voltage side and causing harm to the electrical equipment. The high-voltage side of excitation transformer is connected to Y-type, and the low-voltage side is connected to triangle. The reason is that the high-voltage side voltage is the outlet voltage of generator, the high-voltage side winding of excitation transformer is connected to Y-type, and the phase voltage is 1 / √ 3 of line voltage. The winding on the high-voltage
side of transformer can be made according to the photo voltage. If the high-voltage side is connected to triangle, the winding on the high-voltage side of transformer shall be made according to the line voltage of generator, The cost increases a lot; Low voltage side connected into a triangle: the low voltage side of the excitation transformer is generally low, mostly less than 1000V. During normal operation, the excitation current at the low voltage side of the transformer is large, connected into a triangle, the phase current is 1 / √ 3 of the line current, the cross-sectional area of the winding wire is small, the processing is easy, and the manufacturing cost of the winding group can be reced a lot. In addition, it also forms a circuit for the third harmonic, which can protect the generator
1. The high voltage side is Y-connected, and the phase voltage is low, which can rece the cost of improving insulation
2. Low voltage side angle connection, low phase current, can rece the cross-sectional area of the winding, rece the cost; Third harmonic protection
in the transformer, one side of the primary side and the secondary side is expected to be connected into a triangle, so that one side can provide a circuit for the third harmonic current, so as to ensure that the inced potential is a sine wave and avoid distortion. The effect of the triangle connected winding on the primary side or the secondary side is the same. However, in order to save insulating materials, star connection method is always used in the high voltage side and triangle connection method is always used in the low voltage side. Because the phase voltage of the high voltage side is only 1 / 3 of the line voltage under a certain line voltage, and the insulation is usually designed according to the phase voltage, so less materials are used. That is, the insulation layer should not be so thick (otherwise, the wire length should be increased under the same number of turns). Correspondingly, the iron core does not have to be larger because of the winding volume. And the main system is a high current grounding system, which can only adopt the star connection mode at the high voltage side
for the connection mode of three-phase transformer group, if star / star connection is adopted, the phase potential waveform will be seriously distorted, which may cause insulation breakdown< br />
D-D; Y-Y; D-Y; Is there any difference between Y-D transformer and Y-D transformer
in addition, for example, if a Y-Y transformer is connected to a D-Y transformer, can n wires of Y-Y be connected with n wires of D-Y transformer? It seems wrong. How to deal with this situation< In other words,
Y-D is generally used as step-down transformer,
D-Y is generally used as step-up transformer, but in fact, many distribution transformers (belonging to step-down transformer) also use D-Y connection method, only the grounding measurement becomes the low-voltage side
the advantage of D-D is that when one group is broken, it can be removed for maintenance and the other two legs can continue to work, but the capacity becomes 58% of the original one.
Y-Y is generally not used, because it has no harmonic path, which will cause great distortion of transformer output
for the problem of two-stage transformer, for example, your office building will have a 10 / 0.4 transformer for power supply, its y neutral point is grounded, but you need to convert 400V or 380V voltage to 110V for your special equipment, In fact, the N line of the small transformer is grounded through the N
line of the upper transformer.
transformer connection method
at present, the common connection methods of transformers are y (star) and D (angle), and the distribution transformer also adopts Z connection method< The advantages of Y connection method are as follows:
it is the most economical for high voltage winding
there is a midpoint that can be used
direct grounding or impedance grounding is allowed
it is allowed to rece the insulation level of the midpoint (i.e. graded insulation)
taps can be set at the midpoint of each phase, and tap changer can also be located at the midpoint
it is allowed to connect single-phase load, and the neutral point can carry current< The advantages of D connection method are as follows:
it is the most economical for high current and low voltage winding
when used with Y-connected winding, the zero sequence impedance can be reced< The advantages of Z connection method are as follows:
the load carrying current in the middle point is allowed and the zero sequence impedance is low
it can be used as grounding transformer to form artificial neutral point
it can rece the voltage unbalance in the system (when the three-phase load is unbalanced in the system)
it can be used as a connection method of distribution transformer in multi thunder area
the above are the advantages of single connection method. Generally, the transformer has at least two windings, so the transformer has several connection methods< (1) ynyn and oyn (yn auto coupling method)
the zero sequence current will be converted between the windings, that is, the high-voltage and low-voltage windings have zero sequence current, and can be ampere turn balanced to achieve low zero sequence impedance of the transformer. For the system transformer, there must be d-connected balance winding and this connection method< (2) yny and yyn have zero sequence current in the winding with neutral point
1. What is dyn:
it is the data input box provided with the mouse position to replace the input in the command line. For example, if you want to input commands or data in the command line, there will be an edit input small white box next to the mouse pointer, which is dynamic input. If you are used to input in the command line in the previous version of autocad2000-2005, you can directly click dyn in the status bar, Just don't activate it. Shortcut key of dyn: F12 key on the keyboard
2. Turn on and off dynamic input (dyn):
click "dyn" on the status bar to turn on and off dynamic input. It can be switched by pressing the "
F12"
key“ Dynamic input has three components: pointer input, label input and dynamic prompt. Right click dynamic, and then click settings to control what each component displays when dynamic input is on
3. Dynmode:
dynmode: if you set dynmode to a negative value, dyn dynamic input will not be turned on, but its settings will be saved. Click dyn on the status bar to set
dynmode
to the corresponding positive value
0
turn off all dynamic input functions (including dynamic prompt)
1
turn on pointer input
2
turn on label input
3
turn on both pointer and label input at the same time
2) with Yyn0 connection, when one phase of the high-voltage fuse is blown, the voltage of one phase will be zero, and the voltage of the other two phases will not change, which can rece the power failure range to 1 / 3. This situation will not affect the lighting load with - 9 * 3 single-phase power supply on the low-voltage side. If the low-voltage side is three-phase power supply power load, it is generally equipped with phase loss protection, so the power load will not be burned e to phase loss operation. The connection group of Dyn11 and Yyn0 is determined according to the user's requirements. Compared with Yyn0, Dyn11 has the following advantages: recing transformer loss; The harmonic component is reced; It is beneficial to the removal of single phase to ground short circuit fault; Single phase unbalanced load can be fully utilized.
scb11-630kva / 10 dry-type transformer model and nameplate parameters complete analysis
10kV series dry-type transformer model, the current market popular scb10, scb11, scb12, scb13 four models, these four models of dry-type transformer, there is no difference in structure, the difference is that the numbers behind are not the same
The four numbers10, 11, 12 and 13 represent the energy-saving sequence, that is, the no-load loss and load loss of dry-type transformer. The larger the number is, the smaller the loss is, the higher the efficiency is, but the price will be more expensive
The minimum rated capacity is 30KVA, the maximum rated capacity is 3150kva 
1 - Proct Model: scb10
2 - Standard Code: GB 1094.1-2013 GB 1094.11-2007 GB / T 10228-2015 these are the national standard numbers of dry-type transformers, It shows that the transformer meets the national standard
3-rated capacity: 800kVA
4-serial number: defined by the manufacturer itself, generally with time and date
5-insulation level: li75ac35 / AC5
< blockquote > Li - lightning impulse withstand voltage
AC - frequency withstand voltage
the insulation level of transformer is based on high voltage, medium voltage, high voltage, high voltage, low voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, high voltage, low voltage The sequence of low-voltage windings is shown by the withstand voltage value (the impulse level is in the front), which is separated by diagonal lines. The neutral insulation level of graded insulation plus horizontal line is listed after the line end insulation level
for example: li850ac360-li400ac200 / li480ac200-li250ac95 / li75ac35
it means: for 220kV three side graded insulation main transformer, the lightning impulse withstand voltage at the lead end of high voltage side is 850kv, the power frequency withstand voltage is 360kv, the lightning impulse withstand voltage at the neutral lead end of high voltage side is 400kV, and the power frequency withstand voltage is 200kV
the lightning impulse withstand voltage at the lead end of the medium voltage side is 480kv, the power frequency withstand voltage is 200kV, the lightning impulse withstand voltage at the neutral lead end of the medium voltage side is 250kV, and the power frequency withstand voltage is 95kV; The lightning impulse withstand voltage at the lead end of the low voltage side is 75KV, and the power frequency withstand voltage is 35kV
"Li 75 AC 35 / AC5" means that the lightning impulse withstand voltage at the lead end of the high voltage winding of the 10 kV transformer is 75 kV, the power frequency withstand voltage is 35 kV, and the power frequency withstand voltage at the medium voltage side is 5 kV
6 - rated voltage: high voltage 10.5kv, low voltage 0.4kV
7 - rated current: high voltage side 43.99a, low voltage slot 1154.73a
< blockquote > 1. The current calculation formula of transformer is: transformer capacity ÷ Rated voltage × The primary current of 630kVA transformer is 630kVA ÷ 10kv × 1.732＝36.37A
3. The secondary current of 630kVA transformer is 630kVA ÷ 0.4kv × 1.732＝909A
I don't know why, the results of the current on the famous brand calculated according to the calculation formula are not the same
< / blockquote >8-connection group label: Dyn11
Dyn11 is the connection group of transformer, which means as follows:
< blockquote >1, D is the triangle connection method of high voltage side of transformer
2, y means that the low voltage side is star connection
3, n is a neutral point
4 and 11 indicate that the vector difference between high voltage and low voltage is 30 degrees, and the displacement of voltage vector of low voltage winding is 30 degrees behind that of high voltage winding. When the voltage vector of high voltage side points to 12 o'clock, the line voltage vector of low voltage side points to 11 o'clock
is a bit abstruse, forget it, just understand ~
< / blockquote >9-50 Hz: indicates the rated frequency of transformer. The power frequency in China is generally 50 Hz, which belongs to low frequency
Impedance voltage: 5.64%: also known as short-circuit impedance, the impedance voltage of 630kVA and below transformer is 4%, the impedance voltage of 800kVA and above transformer is 6%! Short circuit impedance affects the output characteristics, and the larger the output internal resistance is, the smaller it is generally required, the better.as for how to calculate it, I won't explain it here. It's too difficult to understand. We are not experts. We can roughly understand what it is and its function
10 - use mode: indoor type, this need not explain, dry-type transformer, as the name suggests, dry, not in the outdoor rain; It is generally used indoors
< / blockquote >11 - insulation heat resistance grade : high voltage F, low voltage f
Insulation material is an important link in the performance of transformer. General insulation materials are easy to be affected by high temperature to accelerate aging and damage. The grade of insulating material (insulation grade) refers to the heat resistance grade of the insulating material used, which is divided into a, e, B, F and H gradesinsulation temperature class a class E class B class F class H
maximum allowable temperature (℃) 105 120 130 155 180
winding temperature rise limit (k) 60 75 80 100 125
performance reference temperature (℃) 80 95 100 120 145
normally, the top oil temperature of oil type transformer is high, only the top oil temperature is within the range; For dry-type transformer, the temperature at the contact between inner coil and iron core is high, so the insulation material must meet the temperature rise of transformer. If there is high temperature, try to dissipate heat, such as strengthening ventilation, forced air blowing, etc
this is different according to the insulation level of your transformer. The oil immersed transformer adopts class a insulation, and the upper limit temperature is 105 ℃! The upper oil temperature does not exceed 95 ℃ and the monitored oil temperature is 85 ℃
the dry-type transformer adopts class F and class h. here, the dry-type transformers with different insulation and heat resistance grades are different. At present, the two common dry-type transformers on the market are:
class F: temperature rise limit: 100k, maximum temperature: 155 ℃
Grade H: temperature rise limit: 125k, maximum temperature 180 ℃ here we will explain what is temperature rise, also known as absolute temperature rise, which refers to the difference between transformer temperature and ambient temperature
the temperature rise K of transformer reflects the limit of temperature rise caused by internal heating ring operation. For example, the maximum temperature rise of the transformer (generally with the maximum load) is 50 ℃, and the maximum allowable operating temperature is 90 ℃. If the ambient temperature is 35 ℃, the actual temperature of the transformer with the maximum load (maximum temperature rise) may reach 85 ℃, which is lower than the maximum allowable operating temperature, indicating that the transformer can operate with the maximum load for a long time when the ambient temperature is 35 ℃. However, if the ambient temperature is 45 ℃, the actual temperature of the transformer with the maximum load may reach 95 ℃, exceeding the maximum allowable operating temperature, which indicates that the transformer can only rece the load when the ambient temperature is 45 ℃
12 - cooling mode: ONAF oil immersed air cooling
The cooling methods of dry-type transformer are divided into natural air cooling (an) and forced air cooling (AF). Under natural air cooling, the transformer can operate continuously for a long time under rated capacity. When forced air cooling, the output capacity of transformer can be increased by 50%. It is suitable for intermittent overload operation or emergency overload operation; Due to the large increase of load loss and impedance voltage ring overload, it is in non economic operation state, so it should not be in continuous overload operation for a long time14 - high voltage tap connection: 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7
< blockquote >indicates the voltage regulation range of dry-type transformer, which is divided into five gears, scb11-630 / 10 ± 2 * 2.5% - 0.4 transformer section switch has five gears, which are 10.5 + 5% kV, 10.5 + 2.5% kV, 10.5kv, 10.5-2.5% kV and 10.5-5% kV
high voltage tap voltage: 11000v, 10750v, 10500v, 10250v, 10000v, these values are calculated according to the above five gear calculation formula
< / blockquote >OK, the above is the complete analysis of scb11-630kva / 10 dry-type transformer model and nameplate parameters