Some basic knowledge of mining

1. If you want to dig a mine, you should understand these first, and then decide whether to join the army of miners or not
as a miner, I used graphics card very early and then butterfly machine. At present, I use Avalon's 220 miner and just received a new 180 ant miner. To tell you the truth, mining is not as simple as you think. Here I will list some practical difficulties you need to face in mining. If you find that some of these items can't be solved and overcome for the time being, don't rush to buy a miner, because from the moment you buy, if you can't mine, Then you will face a real loss

first, list the problems to face
1, be able to accept the noise - the noise of the mining machine is very loud, which is equivalent to that you put the air conditioner outside the room
1-1, strong hands-on ability - the noise can be controlled to a certain extent by adding water cooling, but it needs to be done by yourself. The installation process of water cooling is not as simple as the online tutorial. It needs to be extremely careful. The capacitor on the logic board is easy to touch, and it must be successful at one time. Once the refrigerant is added, the machine will have problems again, It would be disastrous to dismantle the water cooling system
1-2, conditional repair of the chip capacitor - in the process of water cooling installation, the capacitor is easy to fall off, these chip capacitors are very difficult to weld
2, you can set up the network - you can't just plug in the Internet cable! Need to understand the routing, know how to change the IP of the router, mining IP is fixed, according to mining IP to do settings
2-1, you can get a fixed IP address - if you are mining in a company, you can't set up a route, so you must have the condition to get a fixed IP, and then set up your own network through this IP
3. The environment of continuous power supply and continuous network - mining is a 24-hour business. Don't take it for granted that a meeting is OK in one day. Many companies will cut off power at midnight. This must be made clear
3-1. In low temperature environment, in addition to 24-hour continuous power supply, there should also be a relatively cold environment. In actual mining, we can clearly feel the importance of temperature for mining<

let's assume two scenarios,
in the company:
if your working environment is very quiet, it is not suitable, even if water cooling is installed. If you are a senior blue collar, in the workshop, do you have the conditions to set up the network and get a fixed IP? If you can't, give up
at home:
can you stand noise? Can tolerate to a certain extent
is it possible to install water cooling? It can be installed conditionally
is it possible to set up a network? There are also conditions to set up the network
is it warm in that room? Yes, but you can open windows on the second bedroom or balcony
is it possible to pull the wire and the wiring board in the balcony? No problem
congratulations, you can buy a miner to dig it up, but if one of them doesn't work, you need to think carefully before making a decision
the above-mentioned points should not be taken as unimportant or major problems. For example, it is necessary to have the conditions to install water cooling, for example, in a lower temperature environment, for example, to have a fixed IP
when the miner starts to operate and makes a rumbling sound, if you are in the company, you have to turn it off awkwardly. If you are at home, you need to figure out how to explain to your family or girlfriend that the noise will exist for 24 hours, and hope they don't mind

if your home is warm, your miner will never be able to achieve the highest computing power it can. You must accept it calmly, don't be depressed, it's useless to find the seller. Unless you open the window to let in the cold air, you will find that you and the miner are so out of place. That's why laomaozi is very fond of mining< Make complaints about mobile phone, br / > and if you work hard to move the mine to the company, you may think that the electricity charge is in the whole province. You can't get the mine to connect. Then you can only move the mine to home or sell it as a second-hand machine...

these words are typed word by word by me. I hope it can help you. You must find out whether you are qualified to do this at present. As for how to dig, it's a very simple thing: buy a miner, register an account on a mining website, Download a multibit to store the bitcoin you get, and link the miner to the network for power on, Set up the network, give it the fixed IP specified on the chassis, use the computer to access the IP, make some simple settings, and then wait for the receipt
what else can I ask you

2. The design manual of coal mine is more professional; Coal mining, coal mining and other books as understanding should be enough. In addition, I think if you really work in coal mines, I suggest you learn more about mining, and the development space is much larger than geology.

3. < UL >

number of layers & lt; 5 bedrock

layers & lt; 30 lava, although lava can be found elsewhere

layers 14-2 diamond and red stone

layers & lt; 30 gold and Lapis Lazuli

layers & lt; 60 iron

layers & lt; 70 coal

< / UL >

because the safety layer of the mine is also limited to a reasonable amount, all ores (especially diamonds) in the area of Y coordinate 10 to 15 are generally considered as the best area to start excavation. To be exact, the optimal mining height is controversial, and there is no unified answer. To find this, using the debug screen (F3) in dig is the easiest. Or you can look for lava pools, which tend to form about 11 layers Mining in this layer, if you pour water, will ensure that the ground is intact. You can even dig into the bedrock, find and stand on the highest bedrock, and then climb up six blocks. Once you get to the rock you want to dig, you can open a hole and choose one of the following techniques to start digging

please refer to my world network for details:

tutorial / mining technology - minecraft wiki

4. Mining engineering major

professional introction
business training objective:

business training objective: this major has the basic theory and method of solid (coal, metal and non-metal) deposit mining, the basic ability of mining engineer, and can be engaged in mining area development planning, mine (open pit, underground) design, mining engineering and other aspects Mine safety technology and engineering design, supervision, proction technology management scientific research of higher engineering and technical personnel

business training requirements: students of this major mainly study the basic theory and technology of rock engineering mechanics, mining and mine safety and engineering, receive the basic training of mining engineers, and have the basic ability of mining area planning, mining design, strata control technology, mine safety technology and Engineering design< The graates should acquire the following knowledge and abilities:

1< 2. Master the design methods of mining area development, mine mining and roadway development< 3. Master the technologies of mine pressure and rock engineering monitoring, mine ventilation and air conditioning, mine safety and mine disaster prevention< 4. Advanced basic ability of proction organization and technology management, as well as preliminary ability of research and development of new process and new technology

5. Familiar with the basic principles, policies and regulations of mining instry in China< Master the basic methods of literature retrieval and data query, and have certain scientific research and practical work ability<



main courses:

main subjects: mechanics and mining engineering< Main courses: rock mechanics, engineering mechanics, mining, mine ventilation and safety, electrical and electronic technology, mining machinery, mining enterprise management and technical and economic analysis, etc

main practical teaching links: including geology and surveying practice, mining knowledge, proction and graation practice, computer application and operation, course design (mechanical parts, mining, mine ventilation and safety, etc.), graation design<



length of schooling: four years

degree awarded: Bachelor of Engineering

5. It's very important to learn real mining professional knowledge in junior college, such as introction to coal mining, mining, roadway engineering, safety ventilation and four mechanics courses.

6. Is to dig coal, sunset instry! No future! Test mining engineering professional look! A lot of people on the Internet are talking nonsense! What mining major has high employment rate, high salary, taking family members, working as mine manager... High employment rate: can it not? Who will do most of the work in three years. The class one year later than us was the worst. More than a dozen people came to our bureau. After less than three years, they sacrificed three of them, which was also bad luck. Two of them were vice leaders of the coal mining team. Now this class has withdrawn except one
2 the salary is high, and I have worked to the section level. Except for welfare and hardware, I got more than 80000, but one day in the valley, most of the coal mines were in the mountains, which was boring. Generally speaking, it's the most difficult period to start with a technician. It's not as good as a worker. As long as you need to write something about ty, technology, business and so on, even if it's the work of a technician in Party building, and you have to go down the well to follow the shift at the same time. More than 25 people go down the well a month. Just like ordinary workers, many of them can't stand it. They all run in this period. Generally, more than 5000 people will go down the well a month! But it's a crime you didn't expect when you were in school. It's not only hard work, but also rough management in the coal mine. After all, most of the coal mines are co workers, which can't be managed by ordinary literati. Those who graated from school may not be able to eat in the coal mine. After all, it's not high-tech. Leaders, like bandit leaders, treat their subordinates rudely and scold them casually! Don't think about it if you want dignity. It's the same when I became a section level. Every morning I held an early morning adjustment meeting. It was just a meeting for mine leaders to scold slaves. I couldn't bear to leave
3 with family members, who do you take. Coal mines are all in the ravine, who would like to come with you, who would like to leave their youth there. It's hard work, overtime every day, high safety pressure and harsh environment. I have been on ty for a long time since I became a technician. I'm on ty for my own shift and for the leaders above. I don't even think about it ring holidays. It's like wearing dirty work clothes every day, staying in the underground without the sun, and going home 2 or 3 times a week (my home is in a small town 30 kilometers away from the coal mine), Some of my classmates are in a more remote mine and only go back once a month! What's the picture! I often ask myself why I didn't learn a craft at the beginning, even a hairdresser or a chef! Now we can only deal with black coal, coal miners and migrant workers every day! But besides, I'm lucky. I've got a good daughter-in-law! It's much better than those who are single now and don't want to find a colleague from their hometown! Some of the people who are looking for their daughter-in-law in rural areas are arranged to go to the miner's lamp room, bathhouse and canteen (leaders can directly go to the authorities). It doesn't matter about the work of dry cleaning coal factory. The coal st is big and dirty, which is not what you can think of. Whose daughter-in-law is willing to do the work
4 you don't have to go to the mine. If you study mining, you can't go there. The employment area is too narrow. If you study mechanical and electrical engineering and geological surveying, you can change your profession. Where are you going. Design Institute? The problem is that they don't want so many people! You can't get along well in the coal mine. Do you want to go to the design institute! If I could, I would have gone already! Who's going down the well
5 when the mine manager, dream! There are several mine managers and deputy mine managers in a mine! In a word, the curtain behind the coal mine network is darker than coal! It doesn't matter if you can do it any more, then you're only tired to death! If you work hard, you won't even be advanced
6 it's impossible to be a billionaire. If you want to be a billionaire, the children of senior officials all over China have come to mining. Your father is the mayor. If not the county magistrate, it's possible. But if you have such a father, you will never be allowed to work in a coal mine
7 higher ecation is popular in coal mines. Not necessarily, some of my colleagues have graate students from the year before last, but they don't have any business! It doesn't matter. The immediate supervisor gives him endless work now, and he doesn't say it's good, so he is deliberately punished. In private, this guy won't come. Qinggao, there's no high technology in the coal mine. It's more than enough to have a college student. You see what my workers do. It's different to have an alt college
8 mining is not popular. Take the sword to the side and win by surprise! It's a mistake! Why is it cold? Nobody does it, so it's cold! The country has not considered this instry well, this instry is the most inferior instry, you want to be famous in this instry, silly dream! I'm sorry to say that I'm a coal miner when I go out! And in order to show a little dignity in front of others, the students working in the coal mine and others are all pretending to be big money, pretending to be generous and boasting. Why? There's only a little self-esteem left
9 the safety of large state-owned coal mines. It's better than a small coal mine! Advanced coal mining enterprises in China and even in the world reported on TV! Not the same, there are accidents, and can be seen on TV are big, sporadic on too much! Coal mine has a safety index called "million ton mortality". Do you know what it is? Casualties per million tons of coal. It shows that it is difficult for coal mines to survive
the coal mine is hard!

7. The following is for your reference

8. The first method is to avoid underground fire.
firstly, the self rescuer can be worn quickly, and at the same time, it can help the injured wear self rescuer. Organized retreat in the opposite direction of the flame. It's better to use parallel roadway to pass through the fire area and enter a safe place in the face of fresh air. If the tunnel is full of smoke, never panic, do not run around, quickly identify the fire area and wind direction, and then calmly bend over to feel the rail and wind and water pipeline, orderly withdraw. If it is impossible to withdraw, it is necessary to find a refuge chamber nearby as soon as possible for temporary shelter, and close the entrance and exit doors of the chamber to block the air flow and prevent the invasion of harmful gases
precautions when using refuge chamber after fire
1. Be familiar with the location of refuge chamber and the nearest refuge chamber. Once the refuge chamber is found unsafe, it can be transferred to the nearest refuge chamber in time
2. After hiding in the refuge chamber, it is necessary to check its safety situation in time, and use all available items to block the entrance of the chamber to prevent the entry of harmful and toxic gases. If there is a pressure air pipeline gate in the chamber, it should be opened in time to form positive pressure ventilation
3. After hiding in the chamber, miner's lamp or clothes should be placed outside the entrance so that the rescue team can find out and be rescued
4. The personnel hiding in the chamber should obey the command, only one miner's lamp should be left, water and food should be planned, and everyone should lie in the chamber to rece the amount of breathing
5. When taking refuge in the cave, always pay attention to the change of the disaster situation, transfer the danger immediately, listen to the nearby information in the process of refuge, and tap the pipe, track or rock wall in time to contact once you hear the sound or signal
6. Disaster avoidance personnel should try to contact the ground by telephone, and set up signs at the shelter for rescue
7. All disaster avoidance personnel must abide by discipline and obey the command of the person in charge of disaster avoidance
the second method is on-site rescue in case of fire in coal mining face. Correctly determine the location of the fire source, the size of the fire, and quickly use the nearby telephone to report to the well control room, send out the accident alarm to the underground. Secondly, all the fire-fighting facilities and materials on site are used to put out the fire. We must immediately organize personnel to withdraw from the disaster area against the wind
the third method is on-site rescue in case of fire in Electromechanical chamber
the power supply in the chamber must be cut off first, and then the self rescuer must be worn quickly to put out the fire by using the existing fire fighting equipment. Actively rush to transport inflammable materials and equipment in the chamber. When the fire cannot be put out, the personnel shall be evacuated immediately, the fire door shall be closed, or the wind barrier shall be hung inside or outside the chamber to rece the air entering
the fourth method is on-site rescue in case of fire in the roadway
we first try to pass through the fire source, quickly evacuate to the air inlet side of the fire source, and decide to put out the fire or evacuate according to the actual situation. Once the personnel are blocked in the working face and unable to retreat, they should quickly remove the ignited air ct, remove part of the wood support or all combustibles, and cut off the fire spread channel on the premise of safety. If there are air and water pipes in the roadway, try to open the compressed air pipe immediately, release compressed air to avoid disaster and self rescue, and use the water in the water pipe to control the fire. Stop the fire from spreading. In order to prevent the invasion of harmful smoke, the proper place in the roadway should be selected, and the refuge chamber should be constructed with all available materials and tools, and strictly sealed. If conditions permit, multiple wind barriers or wind walls can be built between the single working face and the fire source
the fifth method is the on-the-spot rescue method to avoid disaster in the early stage of underground flood
when the underground water is permeable, it is necessary to immediately inform the personnel in the nearby area to withdraw according to the route specified in the mine disaster prevention and treatment plan by the fastest way. When the water is permeable, the water is strong and has a great impact. When you retreat, you must pay attention to going up the mountain to a higher level, and then go up the well. In the process of retreat, if the outlet has been cut off by water, it is necessary to quickly find the place with the highest underground position and closest to the shaft or main lane for temporary shelter. At the same time, knock on the track or Feng Shui pipeline regularly to send out a call for help signal. If there is a sluice gate in the pervious area, the sluice gate shall be closed tightly immediately after the personnel withdraw, and the water flow shall be completely cut off, waiting for rescue
after receiving the water leakage accident alarm, the staff in the pump room should immediately close the closed doors on both sides of the pump room, start all the water pumps and discharge the water as soon as possible. Never leave your job without receiving the evacuation order from the disaster relief leader
after water penetration, especially after water bursting in the old goaf, a large number of harmful gases, such as gas and hydrogen sulfide, are often released from the water space, so attention should be paid to prevent harmful gas poisoning or suffocation in disaster avoidance and self rescue
a water inrush accident happened in a small coal mine in Shanxi Province. A worker and his mule (the way of transportation in Shanxi is to transport coal with mules and row cars) were blocked in a closed space up the mountain. He killed the mule for survival, and finally waited for rescuers to rescue him. He killed the mule very wisely, which had two advantages. First, it saves oxygen; Second, we have food< The sixth method is to avoid disaster and rescue when the gas explosion occurs in the heading face.
the gas explosion in the heading face will cause the destruction of air ct, displacement of fan, destruction of ventilation facilities, collapse of support, roof fall, deformation of roadway and failure of ventilation. The on-site personnel should avoid disaster and rescue according to the following methods:
the self rescuer should be opened immediately, worn according to the regulations, and help the comrades to take the self rescuer. It is also necessary to assist the light wounded to withdraw from the airless tunnel to fresh air flow. For the seriously wounded, they can only wear self rescuers, but cannot be carried. They will be rescued after the arrival of the rescue team. If the roadway is seriously damaged and the exit road is blocked, we should try every means to dredge the roadway and withdraw to the fresh airflow as soon as possible. If the roadway is difficult to dredge, we should sit under the roadway with good support and wait for the rescue of the rescue team
the seventh method: after the gas explosion accident occurs in the coal mining face, the on-site personnel should use the self rescuer immediately after the gas explosion accident occurs in the coal mining face. The personnel on the air inlet side shall retreat against the wind, and the personnel on the air return side shall try to retreat to the fresh air by the shortest route. If it cannot be withdrawn e to serious roof fall, it should be concentrated in a safe place for rescue. When there is a single end tunnel nearby, you can also enter for temporary refuge, and try to set up temporary shelters with wood, air ct, etc., hang miner's lamp and clothes in a conspicuous place, and lie quietly for rescue
the eighth method: after the outburst accident, the on-site personnel can help themselves
1. Wear isolation self rescuer to protect themselves and evacuate from the disaster area. Take a case: miner Ma Zhansheng is a worker in Daping, Henan Province. He was introced by his cousin to work as a consultant in Daping Coal Mine of Zhengzhou coal instry group company. Due to Ma Zhansheng's outstanding performance, he was soon promoted to the captain of the "pioneer team". At 3 p.m. on October 20, 2004, Ma Zhansheng led six workers to work in the 500 meter underground. At about 10:40 that night, with a loud "boom", seven miners fell to the ground screaming. Then there was the power cut, and there was a pungent smell in the air. The underground is in a mess. Ma Zhansheng was heavily hit on the side wall“ Don't mess up He cried out. Then, Ma Zhansheng called out the names of his teammates one by one. Ma Zhansheng exhorted: "don't run out blindly. I'll ask what's going on!" He took advantage of the light on the helmet to touch the phone on the side wall of the working face. The phone answered, "the cable is on fire, stand by!" Hang up the phone, Ma Zhansheng did not count
we don't have much time to smell the gas in the air. Everyone cried: "it's over..." "we can't get out..." Ma Zhansheng calmly instructed everyone to take the self rescuer. Ma Zhansheng gave the order of retreat in time. Seven people groped for the way to the exit quickly and orderly. Ma Zhansheng pondered over any possibility of alleviating the crisis. At about 0:50 on October 21, they groped for the exit of an auxiliary shaft in Daping Coal Mine and entered the cage of the shaft. After starting the button, they got out of danger. It was the self rescuer that saved their lives! It is the miner's second life, so you must wear self rescuer when you go down the well at any time. Some workers put self rescuers in their work bags, and even don't carry them. This is not responsible for their own lives
2. When the tunnel cannot be evacuated e to roof fall and blockage, it is necessary to find a place to avoid or a special refuge underground. In the tunnel and chamber with compressed air pipe or iron air pipe, the pipe joint can be opened to form positive pressure ventilation, prolong the refuge time, and try to contact with the outside world
the ninth method is to rescue the burn wounded.
on site rescue is the starting point of saving the burn wounded, which is very important. The method can be summarized as five words: extermination, inspection, prevention, package and delivery. That is: put out: put out the fire on the wounded, make it out of the heat source as soon as possible, shorten the burn time
Check: check the respiration, heartbeat, poisoning, brain injury, chest and abdominal visceral injury and respiratory tract burn of the wounded. Prevention: prevent shock, asphyxia and wound contamination. Bag: wrap wound bread with clean clothes to prevent re contamination. At the scene, in addition to chemical burns, a large amount of flowing water can be used for continuous flushing, the wound surface is generally not treated, and the blisters are not broken as far as possible to protect the skin surface. Delivery: to leave the scene quickly and send the severely burned to the hospital
the tenth method: rescuing the wounded with high temperature and heat stroke
in dealing with the wounded with high temperature and heat stroke in the mine fire accident, the rescue must be carried out according to local conditions and in time. That is: quickly transfer to the cool, ventilated and safe roadway, untie the clothes, take off the rubber boots, let it lie flat, and don't raise the head. Cooling: wipe the whole body of the wounded with cold water or 50% alcohol until the skin turns red and the blood vessels dilate to promote heat dissipation. It can also be placed at the mouth of the air ct to blow or in the cool ditch of the roadway to soak and cool down. Supplement water and inorganic salts. For the wounded who can drink water, make them drink enough cold salt water and other drinks. When dealing with the wounded with respiratory and circulatory failure. Generally, if there are difficulties at the scene, they should be transferred to the ground hospital quickly under the careful care of the on-site personnel
the eleventh method: to rescue the wounded with poisoning and suffocation
when rescuing the people in distress in a toxic and harmful environment, the rescuers should wear self rescuers, and immediately bring self rescuers to the wounded to rescue them from the disaster area. Transport the wounded to a safe place with fresh air flow, and immediately check the heartbeat, pulse, respiration and pupil of the wounded, and pay attention to keep warm. At the same time, untie the neckline, relax the belt, oral debris, sputum, dentures or respiratory tract is not smooth, should be removed dirt, make the respiratory tract smooth. In case of CO poisoning, the poisoned person has not stopped breathing, or even though the breathing has stopped, but the heart is still beating, rub his skin immediately, rub his skin hot, and then carry out artificial respiration immediately. In case of cardiac arrest, external cardiac compression and artificial respiration should be performed immediately. If gas or

9. The employment prospects of graates majoring in chemistry and chemical engineering
more than a decade ago, the chemical and chemical instry was associated with traditional factory OEM models such as chimney, black smoke, sewage, etc. with the development of science and technology, the impression of chemical and chemical instry in our mind has become a proper term for high-tech instries such as gene, nanotechnology, biotechnology, etc., which are oriented by technology and R & D, More than 1660 domestic talent websites have more than 4000 chemical instry related job vacancies on average every day. It is estimated that more than 50000 chemical instry related job opportunities will be added this year
in recent years, the National Conference on the supply and demand of chemical engineering graates in Colleges and universities has been spreading good news. The demand for chemical engineering talents in China is very strong. At the same time, chemical engineering graates can also enjoy the national policy of "networking exchange". According to the person in charge of the National Chemical Talent Exchange Center, the vast majority of chemical enterprises ranking among the world's top 500 have set up companies all over China. At the same time, the rapid rise of private chemical enterprises has greatly increased the number of chemical talents, which has objectively stimulated the demand for chemical talents. In addition, the National Chemical talents exchange and cooperation network was formally established in 2003. Chemical graates can enjoy the policy of national networking exchange, which is bound to greatly improve the employment rate of such graates
the application and development of chemical instry is very fast, which not only brings about a wave of investment in various instries in China, but also strengthens the research atmosphere of chemical instry, biochemistry and nanotechnology in Colleges and universities; In addition to the government's listing of chemical R & D in the national key scientific research plan, the research achievements of the academic community and the full investment of the instry have led to the establishment of relevant domestic chemical manufacturers and research institutions one by one. At the same time, the demand for chemical talents has also increased greatly. Even in the R & D teams of all kinds of large scientific and technological plants, chemical and chemical talents also play an important role and occupy a great weight. The chemical instry has been equated with high technology
our department of chemistry and chemical engineering cultivates applied chemical engineering talents who meet the first-line needs of proction, construction, scientific research, management and service of the chemical instry and obtain preliminary training in chemistry and chemical engineering skills, as well as compound chemical engineering talents with wide professional knowledge and wide employment range. In the University, they can master the basic principles of chemical engineering, the basic chemical knowledge, basic theory, basic skills necessary for their own major and adjacent majors, and have the general knowledge of related disciplines; Master the professional knowledge in the field of quality supervision, management and testing, and understand the frontier knowledge and development trend of instrial analysis, and have the ability of preliminary formulation, application, development research and correct evaluation of proct quality. Master the preparation process and quality control methods of various chemical procts; Have the ability to solve practical problems in general instrial proction related to the specialty; Be able to use formula optimization to carry out scientific and Technological Development and research of chemical procts, and have the ability to develop new chemical procts and technologies; Be able to master the modern detection technology of chemical procts, and have the ability of proct quality supervision in proction. After graation, students of chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department of Huanghuai university are mainly engaged in primary and secondary ecation and employment in chemical instry enterprises. The annual employment rate is always maintained at 100%, and a perfect employment base has been established. Zhumadian is famous for its top 100 enterprises in Henan, such as Tianfang pharmaceutical, Junma group, Lantian group and several key scientific research units in Wuhan. These large enterprises recruit a large number of chemical graates with strong quality and professional skills from our department every year
chemical instry is a big field, including environmental engineering, biochemical engineering, material science, pharmaceutical engineering, safety and program control, etc. After four years of study and training, the graates of chemistry and chemical engineering generally have basic professional research and experimental ability. Today's job market is eager for talents in chemical engineering. In other words, there is no word "jobless vagrant" in the dictionary of chemical workers! The specialty of chemical engineering is very extensive, which can meet the professional needs of major instries and enterprises. Government agencies, such as the environmental protection department, can be divided into the air quality protection and noise control office, the water quality protection office, the waste management office and the environmental health and poisons management office, all of which are staffed by chemical personnel from environmental engineering, chemical analysis and other professional disciplines. Private enterprises are eager for chemical professionals; For example, process engineers in the high-tech instry have to rely on the concept of chemical power of chemical workers to adjust process parameters (this is the field with the largest number of employees at present). In the factory, the design and chemical characteristics of the reactor are derived from the reactor design of chemical kinetics; The discharge and treatment of sewage, poisonous gas and waste are the basic subjects in environmental engineering; In addition, the establishment of the plant, process safety and plant management are also the expertise of chemical workers. In addition, in academic institutions, they are classified as R & D units, and the professional needs of chemical instry are more extensive and in-depth. For example, in polymer science, polymer chemistry and polymer processing are included; Biochemical technology needs biochemical science, biotechnology and other professional disciplines; Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, material science and mechanics are also widely used in material engineering. In a word, the specialty of chemical engineering is so extensive that it can summarize the needs of all employment units
chemical workers are the favorite in the job market. As there are many professional categories in the chemical instry, such as materials, biochemistry, environmental engineering, catalyst, program control and simulation, the demand for chemical personnel in the instry can not be underestimated. From the establishment of plant area and equipment to the maintenance of surrounding environment, even the use and safety maintenance of chemicals, a company or factory is the basic competence of chemical workers. In short, the establishment and proction of a factory is very dependent on the chemical instry. Therefore, once the graates of Chemical Engineering Institute enter the job market, they are often the instry's favorite. In high-tech factories, graates from chemical engineering institutes can be employed as process engineers (materials discipline), factory engineers (process safety), pollution prevention and treatment of toxic chemicals (Environmental Engineering). Therefore, in recent years, our department of chemistry and chemical engineering has been recruiting more and more students, and the number of university students who continue to study is also increasing year by year, because once the students graate from the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, they will be the most basic and powerful ability and basis once they enter the job market. If we take the current high-tech instry as an example, we can see that the demand for chemical workers in the job market is more and more intense
chemistry major provides students with professional ability in chemical knowledge, and also offers auxiliary courses including mathematics, physics and environmental ecology. In addition to making students master the basic knowledge of specific science, the major also cultivates students' ability of critical thinking, experimental technology, explanation and observation, and clear expression of thinking
students who intend to work in chemistry will be happy to work independently. They will have beyond the ordinary level of scientific and mathematical talent, with their own hands to work, the use of technical materials and experimental dexterity. Tenacity, patience, curiosity, independence, creativity and care for details are the basic qualities of professional chemists
the employment opportunities of chemical workers are very broad, including analytical detection, biopharmaceutical, chemical engineering, chemical deployment, chemical technician, chemical technology, clinical chemistry, chemical consultant, dentist, environmentalist, enzyme chemistry, food chemistry, geographical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, chemical manufacturer sales agent, pharmaceutical technology, metallurgy, nutrition Occupational safety and health experts, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, physicists, quality assurance, radiochemistry, teachers, technical writers, toxicology, environment and other related instries. There are also many potential employment markets, such as chemical factories, government associations, health care services, middle schools, hospitals, instrial laboratories, pharmaceutical companies, private enterprises and experimental research institutes
after graation, chemistry and chemical engineering students who like to engage in environmental governance also have a wide range of employment directions. Graates can work in the government's environmental planning department, environmental resources consulting company, or as environmental professionals or engineers in some companies in the fields of chemistry, manufacturing, engineering, mining, petroleum, etc. For example, students majoring in environmental science can engage in teaching, scientific research, management and application technology in Institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, environmental protection and environmental monitoring, urban planning and construction departments after graation; After graation, students majoring in environmental engineering can work in the government's environmental planning department, environmental resources consulting company, or as environmental professionals or engineers in some companies involved in chemistry, manufacturing, engineering, mining, petroleum and other fields; After graation, students majoring in environmental protection and monitoring can go to relevant environmental protection departments, instrial and mining enterprises, universities, middle schools, technical colleges and scientific research institutions to engage in environmental protection, environmental management, environmental monitoring, environmental governance, environmental ecation, environmental publicity and environmental protection instry management
however, a wide range of employment does not mean that it is easy to find a job, but also depends on the indivial's situation and ability to work. So what professional abilities should the graates of chemistry and chemical engineering have when they choose the direction of employment? Zhang Shuicheng, head of the employment guidance group of the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, analyzed: first of all, professional knowledge, so there is no need to elaborate; The second is the ability of observation and analysis. Environmental problems have their continuity and mutation. Only with keen observation and analysis can we grasp the key of the problem; The third is to study the ability of operation. The application of theory always requires flexibility and progress, and it can promote each other only when it constantly conflicts with practice
it is very important to cultivate the professional ability of chemistry students. Nowadays, many graates value certificates when they are looking for jobs. They always think that certificates can prove their abilities. The more certificates they have, the more opportunities they can bring. In this regard, Zhang Shuicheng pointed out: sometimes certificates can win certain affirmation for themselves, but this is not absolute. There are not many certificates, but the essence. It is necessary to be targeted to highlight the advantages. Blindly listing certificates is easy to bury the advantages, which can only backfire. The specialty of the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering is highly professional, and the requirements for students' professional skills are relatively high. Similarly, the outside world, such as employers, also attach great importance to the ability and qualification of graates. In this case, it is useful to have relevant certificates. However, when choosing the certificate examination, we should be more careful, not blindly subordinate to the trend, or have the idea that more is better. For example, students can obtain "intermediate analysis operator certificate" and "advanced analysis operator certificate" in school. In addition, you can choose some certificates according to your ideal target occupation. For example, those who are engaged in indoor environment work can get "Intermediate Certificate of indoor environment testing" and "certificate of environmental engineering design". There are also some basic application certificates, such as "CET-4 certificate" and "CET-2 certificate", which employers will consider
it is helpful for graates themselves and job seekers to obtain some certificates corresponding to their job selection tendency. Zhang Shuicheng pointed out that getting a certificate is not only the result of getting the certificate, but also the process of getting it. Students in the process of preparing for the exam, we must seriously study related knowledge

10. I graated from mining,
contour map of the most important coal seam
roadway development layout
roadway section atlas
electromechanical diagram and equipment layout
if you can use basic drawing knowledge, you can ask me if you don't know. I'm the chief engineer of the proction department