Tomb Raider 10 mining tunnel
intermolecular interaction force
molecules are composed of atoms, which are composed of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons. Molecular force is caused by the interaction between these charged particles, so the essence of molecular force is electromagnetic interaction.
the law of intermolecular force is more complex, In general, the simplified model is adopted. The commonly used model assumes that the interaction between molecules has spherical symmetry, which is approximately expressed by the following semi empirical formula:
in the formula λ and μ R is the distance between the centers of two molecules, s and T are both positive numbers; The second term is negative, which represents the intermolecular attraction. The two dashed lines in Figure 15-2 represent the change of attraction and repulsion with distance, and the solid line represents the change of resultant force with distance.
at that time, the magnitude of attraction and repulsion between molecules is equal, and the resultant force is zero. This position is called equilibrium position. When R < R0, although both attraction and repulsion increase with the decrease of distance, But the repulsive force increases faster, so the intermolecular force is repulsive; When R > R., the repulsive force and the gravitational force decrease with the increase of distance, but the repulsive force decreases faster, so the intermolecular force is gravity. The resultant force (gravity) decreases rapidly with the increase of distance. When R is more than 10-9 meters, it has become very weak and can be ignored (Fig. 2-2).
Yes, The attractive force and repulsive force between molecules exist at the same time. There are both attractive and repulsive forces between molecules. However, the two forces are different in different situations. It is generally believed that when the distance between molecules is equal to R0 = 10-10m, the magnitude of the attractive force and repulsive force between molecules are equal, and the resultant force is zero. This position is called the equilibrium position, Although both the attraction and repulsion force increase with the decrease of distance, the repulsion force increases faster, so the intermolecular force is repulsion force; When R > R, the repulsive force and the gravitational force decrease with the increase of distance, but the repulsive force decreases faster, so the intermolecular force is gravity. The resultant force (gravity) decreases rapidly with the increase of distance. When R is more than 10-9 meters, it has become very weak and can be ignored
The specific method is to open the CAD graphics and click "tools" in the menu bar
extended data:
basic functions of 2D CAD
1. Plane drawing: it can create line, circle, ellipse, ring polygon (regular polygon), spline curve and other basic graphic objects in various ways
2. Edit graphics: CAD has powerful editing functions, such as moving, ing, rotating, arraying, stretching, extending, trimming, scaling objects, etc
3. Dimension: multiple types of dimensions can be created, and the dimension appearance can be set by yourself
4. Writing text: it can easily write text at any position and along any direction of the graph. It can set the attributes of text font, tilt angle and width scaling ratio
5. Layer management function: graphic objects are located on a certain layer, and the characteristics of object color, line type, line width, etc. can be set
6. 3D drawing: 3D solid and surface model can be created, and the solid itself can be edited
7. Network function: the graphics can be published on the network, or the AutoCAD resources can be accessed through the network
first, the more desired things are, the more negative thoughts they will have and the more impossible they will feel. Mainly because you don't really believe it. You need to confirm it over and over again. Note that it's "over and over."< Second,
satisfaction is a feeling. It takes more practice to keep happy for a long time. There is only a small difference between people, but this small difference often causes a huge difference! The small difference is whether the emotion is positive or negative. The big difference is joy and sadness. So you have to practice identifying positive emotions
thirdly, the third question itself is not right, but in reverse order. It should be positive and happy emotions that motivate you to do things, not to be happy when you get something
I suggest you read more relevant books. After all, movies can't explain it in such detail. Hope to help you.
GMM / R ^ 2 = MR (2 π/ t)^2=(mv^2)/r=(mv2 π)/ T
= MRW ^ 2
density = 3G / 4 π RG (R is the radius of the planet)
mg = GMM / R ^ 2
using the variant
to calculate the mass of the celestial body (taking the calculation of the mass of the earth as an example
① to know the period T of the moon around the earth, the radius r
is determined by GMM / R ^ 2 = MR (2) π/ t) ^ 2
so, M = 4 π^ 2) (R ^ 3) / GT ^ 2
② know the linear velocity V and radius r of the moon around the earth
from GMM / R ^ 2 = (MV ^ 2) / R,
get m = (RV ^ 2) / g
③ know the speed limit V and period T of the moon around the earth
from GMM / R ^ 2 = (MV ^ 2) / R,
get m = (RV ^ 2) / g
from GMM / R ^ 2 = (MV ^ 2) / R π)/ T
m = (2 π vr^2)/TG=(Tv^3)/2 π G
know the radius of the earth R and the acceleration of gravity on the surface of the earth g
know M = GR ^ 2 / G from the golden substitution (mg = GMM / R ^ 2)
do the subject of universal gravitation, that is, simple celestial mechanics
remember that the formula is the most basic, many of the problems are set of formulas
very simple
to get high scores, see below
what needs to pay attention to
first, establish two kinds of formulas Model
determining the physical model of the research object is the first step to solve the problem, and the application of the law of universal gravitation is no exception. Whether it is a natural celestial body (such as the moon, the earth, the sun), or an artificial celestial body (such as a spacecraft, satellite, space station), and no matter how large it is, we should first abstract them as a particle model. Man made objects are directly regarded as particles; A natural celestial body is regarded as a sphere, and its mass is abstracted to be at its center. In this way, the motion between them is abstracted as a uniform circular motion of one particle around another< No matter the gravity of the object or the motion of the celestial body, there is a direct causal relationship between gravity and gravity. Therefore, the law of gravity is widely used in these problems. But there are only two basic ideas to solve the problem in essence:
idea 1: use the relationship between gravity and gravity
that is
idea 2: use the relationship between gravity and centripetal force
that is
Where a is centripetal acceleration, which can be expressed according to the conditions of the problem< 3. Distinguish three pairs of concepts
1. Gravity and gravitation
gravity is proced by the attraction of the earth, but it is a component of gravitation. On the surface of the earth, it increases with latitude. Since there is little difference between the gravity of an object and the universal gravitation of the earth, it is generally considered that the two are equal in size. That is to say, at this time, this formula is called golden substitution. When solving the problem of celestial body motion, if the mass m around the central star is unknown, it can be expressed by the radius of the central star and its surface gravitational acceleration< 2. The centripetal acceleration along with the rotation of the earth and the centripetal acceleration around the earth
the centripetal force of the object placed on the ground along with the rotation of the earth is provided by the resultant force of the earth's gravity on the object and the ground supporting force; However, the centripetal force required by a satellite orbiting the earth is completely provided by the earth's gravity, and the values of the two centripetal forces are quite different. The corresponding calculation method is also different: the centripetal acceleration of the object rotating with the earth, t is the rotation period of the earth; The centripetal acceleration of the satellite around the earth, where m is the mass of the earth and R is the distance between the satellite and the earth's center.
Croatian Dinar. In December 1991, the Croatian government decided to issue its own currency, the Croatian Dinar. In the war that broke out later, the Croatian Dinar was forced to withdraw from circulation in the autumn of 1993
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