比特幣unique

A. MAC 地址的前面3個位元組代表什麼各個欄位代表什麼含義

MAC是48比特長16進制的數字組成。0-23位叫做組織唯一標志符(organizationally unique，是識別LAN（區域網）節點的標識。24-47位是由廠家自己分配，其中第40位是組播地址標志位。

網卡的物理地址通常是由網卡生產廠家燒入網卡的EPROM（一種快閃記憶體晶元，通常可以通過程序擦寫），它存儲的是傳輸數據時真正賴以標識發出數據的電腦和接收數據的主機的地址。

(1)比特幣unique擴展閱讀：

在計算機網路中，地址一般分為MAC地址和IP地址，MAC地址由6位元組組成，IP地址有IPv4地址和IPv6地址，IPv4地址四個位元組組成，IPv6地址長度有128位，即16位元組。在計算機科學中，地址位元組不同，地址的作用是不同的，同時地址位元組中不同位元組含義也是不同。

B. 怎麼區分PV、IV、UV

區分PV、IV、UV如下：

1、pv訪問量（Page View），即頁面訪問量，每打開一次頁面PV計數+1，刷新頁面也是。

2、UV訪問數（Unique Visitor）指獨立訪客訪問數，一台電腦終端為一個訪客。

3、IV是初始向量（IV，Initialization Vector）。

(2)比特幣unique擴展閱讀：

PV簡介：

PV（page view）即頁面瀏覽量，通常是衡量一個網路新聞頻道或網站甚至一條網路新聞的主要指標。網頁瀏覽數是評價網站流量最常用的指標之一，簡稱為PV。監測網站PV的變化趨勢和分析其變化原因是很多站長定期要做的工作。 Page Views中的Page一般是指普通的html網頁，也包含php、jsp等動態產生的html內容。來自瀏覽器的一次html內容請求會被看作一個PV，逐漸累計成為PV總數。

除了PV總數外，還可以從不同角度來分析和對比PV，比如想知道哪個網頁(Page)被瀏覽的次數多就要以Page為分析對象並分別累計PV。網頁一般通過URL或標題(html title)來標識，大多數工具都提供了類似的定義方法]關於PV的統計要考慮2種特殊情況：

一是從伺服器返回錯誤網頁或重定向網頁時，是否計數以及如何配置；二是本地或網關伺服器的緩存生效時是否計數。這些問題在實施網站分析前需要搞清楚，必要時可以咨詢工具廠商。

UV簡介：

UV是指不同的、通過互聯網訪問、瀏覽這個網頁的自然人。

比如，在一台電腦上，哥哥打開了微軟的官方主頁，注冊了一個會員。弟弟一會兒也看了看，注冊了另一個會員。由於兄弟兩個使用的是相同的計算機，那麼他們的 ip是一樣的，微軟的官方計數器記錄到一個ip登陸的信息。

但是，具有統計功能的統計系統，可以根據其他條件判斷出實際使用的用戶數量，返回給網站建設者真實、可信和准確的信息。比如通過注冊的用戶，甚至可以區分出網吧、機房等共享一個ip地址的不同計算機。

IV簡介：

在有線等效保密（WEP）協議中，IV是用來和密鑰組合成密鑰種子，作為RC4演算法的輸入，來產生加密位元組流對數據進行加密的。標準的64比特WEP使用40比特的鑰匙接上24比特的初向量(Initialization Vector，IV) 成為 RC4 用的鑰匙。

pv-網路 UV-網路 iv-網路

C. 關於MAC地址懂得進！

不在一個區域網內就沒有影響。

D. 網路中mac是指什麼

MAC：Media Access Control. 由於大量的計算機在乙太網內「共享「數據流，所以必須有一個統一的辦法用來區分傳遞給不同計算機的數據流的。這種問題不會發生在撥號用戶身上，因為計算機會假定一切數據都由你發動給modem然後通過電話線傳送出去。可是，當你發送數據到乙太網上的時候，你必須弄清楚，哪台計算機是你發送數據的對象。的確，現在有大量的雙向通訊程序出現了，看上去，他們好像只會在兩台機器內交換信息，可是你要明白，乙太網的信息是共享的，其他用戶，其實一樣接收到了你發送的數據，只不過是被過濾器給忽略掉了。 MAC地址是由一組6個16進制數組成的，它存在於每一塊乙太網卡中。 MAC地址的格式是什麼？ 乙太網卡的MAC地址是一組48比特的數字，這48比特分為兩個部分組成，前面的24比特用於表示乙太網卡的寄主，後面的24比特是一組序列號，是由寄主進行支派的。這樣可以擔保沒有任何兩塊網卡的MAC地址是相同的（當然可以通過特殊的方法實現）。如果出現相同的地址，將發生問題，所有這一點是非常重要的。這24比特被稱之為OUI（ Organizationally Unique Identifier）。 可是，OUI的真實長度只有22比特，還有兩個比特用於其他：一個比特用來校驗是否是廣播或者多播地址，另一個比特用來分配本地執行地址（一些網路允許管理員針對具體情況再分配MAC地址）。 舉個例子，你的MAC地址在網路中表示為 03 00 00 00 00 01 。第一個位元組所包含的值二進製表示方法為00000011。可以看到，最後兩個比特都被置為真值。他指定了一個多播模式，向所有的計算機進行廣播，使用了「NetBEUI」協議（一般的，在Windows計算機的網路中，文件共享傳輸等是不使用TCP/IP協議的）。.

E. 英語高手們~~幫忙翻譯一下~~

A magic race
A valiant team
A magic ring
When the dark when trying to engulf the bright
Who will save the fate of humanity?

This is a shock to many people in the film, which is my favorite film - "THE LORD OF THE RINGS". 300 million U.S. dollars of investment, nearly one in proction, representing the props, the shooting lasted for 3 years course, "The Lord of the Rings Trilogy" is a well-deserved for the Hollywood giant. I like him there are three main reasons.

He is very spectacular scenes. Very beautiful picture. "The Lord of the Rings" doomed the big screen it well. Directed by Peter seriously so often record the film - the shear rate of 150:1, actors sometimes have to rework a scene more than 30 times, more than 10,000 pieces of costumes, all equipment, weapons and different in the pursuit of the oldest feel, are the most primitive manner, by a wide variety of artisan hand-made, is unique Hobbit big feet, we must give the actors put on an hour ... ... so fine work behind the scenes, the actor is also the future work. In order to achieve the best results the film, many actors have repeatedly injured.

The story is very attractive. Occurred late in a magical world of Middle-Earth atmosphere, in order to destroy Lord of the Rings
9 envoys of different races, of mankind as a whole in order to avoid the destruction of Middle Earth Lord of the Rings and the composition of the expedition team, after the resurrection of the Solon location - Mo are moving ... ...
"The Lord of the Rings" has brought more than my visual shock, as well as the pulsating heart. Their friendship, their courage, and so many other virtues, he is deeply moving to me. He lets me know, no matter how great the difficulties encountered, as long as we have to unite to deal with the spirit of perseverance, we will prevail.

I like him, his story is not only attractive, but I like the movie the Princess of the Hon Kwok character Eowyn. The female is not only the elegance of the Princess Marie, and is an excellent female fighters. Difficult in the country at the time, decided to wear the uniform, rushed to the battlefield. Hope in the ring is about to kill the king, her fearless, in the face of the sneering ring of Hope "No man can kill me" (no man can kill me), her cool off the helmet, "I am not a man", sword Hope the results of the ring. Normal life, and did not let her become effemination to arrange the people, take care of the King, is the people's model, but also a great hero of the women's.

"The Lord of the Rings" received 11 Oscar gold is a masterpiece of film history's immortal. This is my favorite movie.

F. mac地址到底有多少位

MAC地址的長度為48位(6個位元組)，通常表示為12個16進制數。

如：00-16-EA-AE-3C-40就是一個MAC地址，其中前6位16進制數00-16-EA代表網路硬體製造商的編號，它由IEEE(電氣與電子工程師協會)分配，而後6位16進制數AE-3C-40代表該製造商所製造的某個網路產品(如網卡)的系列號。

形象地說，MAC地址就如同身份證上的身份證號碼，具有唯一性。

(6)比特幣unique擴展閱讀

網卡的物理地址通常是由網卡生產廠家燒入網卡的EPROM（一種快閃記憶體晶元，通常可以通過程序擦寫），它存儲的是傳輸數據時真正賴以標識發出數據的電腦和接收數據的主機的地址。

也就是說，在網路底層的物理傳輸過程中，是通過物理地址來識別主機的，它一定是全球唯一的。

比如，著名的乙太網卡，其物理地址是48bit（比特位）的整數，如：44-45-53-54-00-00，以機器可讀的方式存入主機介面中。

乙太網地址管理機構（IEEE：電氣和電子工程師協會）將乙太網地址，也就是48比特的不同組合，分為若干獨立的連續地址組，生產乙太網網卡的廠家就購買其中一組，具體生產時，逐個將唯一地址賦予乙太網卡。

G. MAC地址是什麼東西

MAC：Media Access Control.

由於大量的計算機在乙太網內「共享「數據流，所以必須有一個統一的辦法用來區分傳
遞給不同計算機的數據流的。這種問題不會發生在撥號用戶身上，因為計算機會假定一
切數據都由你發動給modem然後通過電話線傳送出去。可是，當你發送數據到乙太網上
的時候，你必須弄清楚，哪台計算機是你發送數據的對象。的確，現在有大量的雙向通
訊程序出現了，看上去，他們好像只會在兩台機器內交換信息，可是你要明白，乙太網
的信息是共享的，其他用戶，其實一樣接收到了你發送的數據，只不過是被過濾器給忽
略掉了。

MAC地址是由一組6個16進制數組成的，它存在於每一塊乙太網卡中。

MAC地址的格式是什麼？

乙太網卡的MAC地址是一組48比特的數字，這48比特分為兩個部分組成，前面的24比特
用於表示乙太網卡的寄主，後面的24比特是一組序列號，是由寄主進行支派的。這樣
可以擔保沒有任何兩塊網卡的MAC地址是相同的（當然可以通過特殊的方法實現）。如
果出現相同的地址，將發生問題，所有這一點是非常重要的。這24比特被稱之為OUI（
Organizationally Unique Identifier）。

可是，OUI的真實長度只有22比特，還有兩個比特用於其他：一個比特用來校驗是否是
廣播或者多播地址，另一個比特用來分配本地執行地址（一些網路允許管理員針對具體
情況再分配MAC地址）。

舉個例子，你的MAC地址在網路中表示為 03 00 00 00 00 01
。第一個位元組所包含的值二進製表示方法為00000011。
可以看到，最後兩個比特都被置為真值。他指定了一個多播模式，向所有的計算機進行
廣播，使用了「NetBEUI」協議（一般的，在Windows計算機的網路中，文件共享傳輸等
是不使用TCP/IP協議的）。.

H. 每塊乙太網卡都有一個全球唯一的MAC地址,MAC地址由個位元組組成。

由6個位元組（48個二進位）組成。

MAC地址的長度是48比特（6位元組），由16進制的數字組成，分為前24位和後24位。前24位叫做組織唯一標志符（Organizationally Unique Identifier，即OUI），是由IEEE的注冊管理機構給不同廠家分配的代碼，區分了不同的廠家。

後24位是由廠家自己分配的，稱為擴展標識符。同一個廠家生產的網卡中MAC地址後24位是不同的。

MAC地址對應於OSI參考模型的第二層數據鏈路層，工作在數據鏈路層的交換機維護著計算機MAC地址和自身埠的資料庫，交換機根據收到的數據幀中的「目的MAC地址」欄位來轉發數據幀。

(8)比特幣unique擴展閱讀：

作用：

在一個穩定的網路中，IP地址和MAC地址是成對出現的。如果一台計算機要和網路中另一外計算機通信，那麼要配置這兩台計算機的IP地址，MAC地址是網卡出廠時設定的，這樣配置的IP地址就和MAC地址形成了一種對應關系。

在數據通信時，IP地址負責表示計算機的網路層地址，網路層設備（如路由器）根據IP地址來進行操作。

MAC地址負責表示計算機的數據鏈路層地址，數據鏈路層設備（如交換機）根據MAC地址來進行操作。IP和MAC地址這種映射關系由ARP（Address Resolution Protocol，地址解析協議）協議完成。

I. bt破解軟體中的客戶端mac是什麼意思

MAC - 介質訪問控制層 編輯詞條
Medium Access Control的縮寫，即介質訪問控制層，屬於OSI模型中數據鏈路層下層子層。
物理地址通常為MAC地址：MAC地址是燒錄在Network Interface Card(網卡,NIC)里的MAC地址,也叫硬體地址,是由48比特長,16進制的數字組成。 0 -24位 由廠家自己分配。
25-47位 組織唯一標志符(organizationally unique identifier,OUI).OUI是由IEEE分配給每個組織.組織按高到低的順序分配1個唯一的全局地址給每個網卡以保證不會有重復的編號.
第47位 indivial/Group(I/G)位,當I/G位為0的時候,我們可以設想這個地址是MAC地址的實際地址可以出現在MAC頭部信息;當I/G位為1的時候,我們可以設想它為廣播或多播.
第46位 G/L位,也叫U/L位.當這個位為0的時候代表它是由IEEE分配的全局地址;當這個位為1的時候,代表本地管理地址 (例如在DECnet當中)

J. 什麼是Mac地址

MAC地址1212

MAC（Media Access Control, 介質訪問控制）MAC地址是燒錄在Network Interface Card(網卡,NIC)里的.MAC地址,也叫硬體地址,是由48比特長(6位元組),16進制的數字組成.0-23位是由廠家自己分配.24-47位,叫做組織唯一標志符(organizationally unique ，是識別LAN（區域網）節點的標識。其中第40位是組播地址標志位。網卡的物理地址通常是由網卡生產廠家燒入網卡的EPROM（一種快閃記憶體晶元，通常可以通過程序擦寫），它存儲的是傳輸數據時真正賴以標識發出數據的電腦和接收數據的主機的地址。

也就是說，在網路底層的物理傳輸過程中，是通過物理地址來識別主機的，它一般也是全球唯一的。比如，著名的乙太網卡，其物理地址是48bit（比特位）的整數，如：44-45-53-54-00-00,以機器可讀的方式存入主機介面中。乙太網地址管理機構(除了管這個外還管別的)（IEEE）（IEEEE：電氣和電子工程師協會）將乙太網地址，也就是48比特的不同組合，分為若干獨立的連續地址組，生產乙太網網卡的廠家就購買其中一組，具體生產時，逐個將唯一地址賦予乙太網卡。

形象的說，MAC地址就如同我們身份證上的身份證號碼，具有全球唯一性。

如何獲取本機的MAC？

對於數量不多的幾台機器，我們可以這樣獲取MAC地址：在Windows 98/Me中，依次單擊「開始」→「運行」 →輸入「winipcfg」→回車。即可看到MAC地址。

在Windows 2000/XP中，依次單擊「開始」→「運行」→輸入「CMD」→回車→輸入「ipconfig /all」→回車。即可看到MAC地址。

修改網卡MAC地址的方法

其實更改網卡MAC地址的功能不論98、2000還是XP，都已經提供了，只是平時大家都沒有注意到而以。下面我就說說怎麼更改。很簡單哦。。。

好了，現在先來看看WIN2000。在桌面上網上鄰居圖標上點右鍵，選"屬性"，在出來的"網路和撥號連接"窗口中一般有兩個圖標，一個是"新建連接"圖標，一個是"我的連接"圖標。如果你的機器上有兩個網卡的話，那就有三個圖標了。如果你只有一個網卡，那就在"我的連接"圖標上點右鍵，選"屬性"，會出來一個"我的連接 屬性"的窗口。在圖口上部有一個"連接時使用："的標識，下面就是你機器上的網卡型號了。在下面有一個"配置"按鈕，點擊該按鈕後就進入了網卡的屬性對話框了，這個對話框中有五個屬性頁，點擊第二項"高級"頁，在"屬性"標識下有兩項：一個是"Link Speed/Duplex Mode",這是設置網卡工作速率的，我們需要改的是下面一個"Network Address",點擊該項，在對話框右邊的"值"標識下有兩個單選項，默認得是"不存在" ，我們只要選中上面一個單選項，然後在右邊的框中輸入你想改的網卡MAC地址，點"確定"，等待一會兒，網卡地址就改好了，你甚至不用停用網卡！

另外，你也可以在"設置管理器"中，打開網卡的屬性頁來修改，效果一樣。WINXP的修改方法跟WIN2000一樣。

在98下面修改和WIN2000、XP下差不多。在"網上鄰居"圖標上點右鍵，選擇"屬性"，出來一個"網路"對話框，在"配置"框中，雙擊你要修改的網卡，出來一個網卡屬性對話框。在"高級"選項中，也是點擊"屬性"標識下的"Network Address"項，在右邊的兩個單選項中選擇上面一個，再在框中輸入你要修改的網卡MAC地址，點"確定"後，系統會提示你重新啟動。重新啟動後，你的網卡地址就告修改成功！！

如果你想把網卡的MAC地址恢復原樣，只要再次把"Network Address"項右邊的單選項選擇為下面一個"沒有顯示"再重新啟動即可。在WIN2000、XP下面是選擇"不存在"，當然也不用重新啟動了。

In computer networking a Media Access Control address (MAC address) or Ethernet Hardware Address (EHA) or hardware address or adapter address is a quasi-unique identifier attached to most network adapters (NIC or Network Interface Card). It is a number that serves as an identifier for a particular network adapter. Thus network cards (or built-in network adapters) in two different computers will have different MAC addresses, as would an Ethernet adapter and a wireless adapter in the same computer, and as would multiple network cards in a router. However, it is possible to change the MAC address on most of today's hardware, often referred to as MAC spoofing.
Most layer 2 network protocols use one of three numbering spaces managed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE): MAC-48, EUI-48, and EUI-64, which are designed to be globally unique. Not all communications protocols use MAC addresses, and not all protocols require globally unique identifiers. The IEEE claims trademarks on the names "EUI-48" and "EUI-64" ("EUI" stands for Extended Unique Identifier).
MAC addresses, unlike IP addresses and IPX addresses, are not divided into "host" and "network" portions. Therefore, a host cannot determine from the MAC address of another host whether that host is on the same layer 2 network segment as the sending host or a network segment bridged to that network segment.
ARP is commonly used to convert from addresses in a layer 3 protocol such as Internet Protocol (IP) to the layer 2 MAC address. On broadcast networks, such as Ethernet, the MAC address allows each host to be uniquely identified and allows frames to be marked for specific hosts. It thus forms the basis of most of the layer 2 networking upon which higher OSI Layer protocols are built to proce complex, functioning networks.
Contents [hide]
1 Notational conventions
2 Address details
2.1 Indivial address block
3 Bit-reversed notation
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

[edit] Notational conventions
The standard (IEEE 802) format for printing MAC-48 addresses in human-readable media is six groups of two hexadecimal digits, separated by hyphens (-) in transmission order, e.g. 01-23-45-67-89-ab. This form is also commonly used for EUI-64. Other conventions include six groups of two separated by colons (:), e.g. 01:23:45:67:89:ab; or three groups of four hexadecimal digits separated by dots (.), e.g. 0123.4567.89ab; again in transmission order.

[edit] Address details
The original IEEE 802 MAC address comes from the original Xerox Ethernet addressing scheme.[1] This 48-bit address space contains potentially 248 or 281,474,976,710,656 possible MAC addresses.
All three numbering systems use the same format and differ only in the length of the identifier. Addresses can either be "universally administered addresses" or "locally administered addresses."
A universally administered address is uniquely assigned to a device by its manufacturer; these are sometimes called "burned-in addresses" (BIA). The first three octets (in transmission order) identify the organization that issued the identifier and are known as the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI). The following three (MAC-48 and EUI-48) or five (EUI-64) octets are assigned by that organization in nearly any manner they please, subject to the constraint of uniqueness. The IEEE expects the MAC-48 space to be exhausted no sooner than the year 2100; EUI-64s are not expected to run out in the foreseeable future.
A locally administered address is assigned to a device by a network administrator, overriding the burned-in address. Locally administered addresses do not contain OUIs.
Universally administered and locally administered addresses are distinguished by setting the second least significant bit of the most significant byte of the address. If the bit is 0, the address is universally administered. If it is 1, the address is locally administered. The bit is 0 in all OUIs. For example, 02-00-00-00-00-01. The most significant byte is 02h. The binary is 00000010 and the second least significant bit is 1. Therefore, it is a locally administered address.[2]
If the least significant bit of the most significant byte is set to a 0, the packet is meant to reach only one receiving NIC. This is called unicast. If the least significant bit of the most significant byte is set to a 1, the packet is meant to be sent only once but still reach several NICs. This is called multicast.
MAC-48 and EUI-48 addresses are usually shown in hexadecimal format, with each octet separated by a dash or colon. An example of a MAC-48 address would be "00-08-74-4C-7F-1D". If you cross-reference the first three octets with IEEE's OUI assignments,[3] you can see that this MAC address came from Dell Computer Corp. The last three octets represent the serial number assigned to the adapter by the manufacturer.
The following technologies use the MAC-48 identifier format:
Ethernet
802.11 wireless networks
Bluetooth
IEEE 802.5 token ring
most other IEEE 802 networks
FDDI
ATM (switched virtual connections only, as part of an NSAP address)
Fibre Channel and Serial Attached SCSI (as part of a World Wide Name)
The distinction between EUI-48 and MAC-48 identifiers is purely semantic: MAC-48 is used for network hardware; EUI-48 is used to identify other devices and software. (Thus, by definition, an EUI-48 is not in fact a "MAC address", although it is syntactically indistinguishable from one and assigned from the same numbering space.)
The IEEE now considers the label MAC-48 to be an obsolete term which was previously used to refer to a specific type of EUI-48 identifier used to address hardware interfaces within existing 802-based networking applications and should not be used in the future. Instead, the term EUI-48 should be used for this purpose.
EUI-64 identifiers are used in:
FireWire
IPv6 (as the low-order 64 bits of a unicast network address when temporary addresses are not being used)
ZigBee / 802.15.4 wireless personal-area networks
The IEEE has built in several special address types to allow more than one Network Interface Card to be addressed at one time:
Packets sent to the broadcast address, all one bits, are received by all stations on a local area network. In hexadecimal the broadcast address would be "FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF".
Packets sent to a multicast address are received by all stations on a LAN that have been configured to receive packets sent to that address.
Functional addresses identify one of more Token Ring NICs that provide a particular service, defined in IEEE 802.5.
These are "group addresses", as opposed to "indivial addresses"; the least significant bit of the first octet of a MAC address distinguishes indivial addresses from group addresses. That bit is set to 0 in indivial addresses and 1 in group addresses. Group addresses, like indivial addresses, can be universally administered or locally administered.
In addition, the EUI-64 numbering system encompasses both MAC-48 and EUI-48 identifiers by a simple translation mechanism. To convert a MAC-48 into an EUI-64, the OUI, append the two octets "FF-FF", and then the organization-specified part. To convert an EUI-48 into an EUI-64, the same process is used, but the sequence inserted is "FF-FE". In both cases, the process can be trivially reversed when necessary. Organizations issuing EUI-64s are cautioned against issuing identifiers that could be confused with these forms. The IEEE policy is to discourage new uses of 48-bit identifiers in favor of the EUI-64 system.
IPv6—one of the most prominent standards that uses EUI-64—applies these rules inconsistently. Due to an error in the appendix to the specification of IPv6 addressing, it is standard practice to extend MAC-48 addresses (such as IEEE 802 MAC address) to EUI-64 using "FF-FE" rather than "FF-FF."

[edit] Indivial address block
An Indivial Address Block comprises a 24-bit OUI managed by the IEEE Registration Authority, followed by 12 IEEE-provided bits (identifying the organization), and 12 bits for the owner to assign to indivial devices. An IAB is ideal for organizations requiring fewer than 4097 unique 48-bit numbers (EUI-48).[4]

[edit] Bit-reversed notation
The standard transmission order notation for MAC addresses, as seen in the output of the ifconfig command for example, is also called canonical format.
However, since IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) and IEEE 802.4 (Token Bus) send the bits over the wire with least significant bit first, while IEEE 802.5 (Token Ring) and IEEE 802.6 send the bits over the wire with most significant bit first, confusion may arise where an address in the latter scenario is represented with bits reversed from the canonical representation. So for instance, an address whose canonical form is 12-34-56-78-9A-BC would be transmitted over the wire as bits 01001000 00101100 01101010 00011110 01011001 00111101 in the standard transmission order (least significant bit first). But for Token Ring networks, it would be transmitted as bits 00010010 00110100 01010110 01111000 10011010 10111100 in most significant bit first order. If care is not taken to translate correctly and consistently to the canonical representation, the latter might be displayed as 482C6A1E593D, which could cause confusion. This would be referred to as "Bit-reversed order", "Non-canonical form", "MSB format", "IBM format", or "Token Ring format" as explained by RFC 2469. Canonical form is preferred[who?].

[edit] See also
NSAP address, another endpoint addressing scheme.
Cisco Hot Standby Router Protocol or standard alternative VRRP Virtual router rendancy protocol, which allows multiple routers to share one IP address and MAC address to provide router rendancy. The OpenBSD project has an open source alternative, the Common Address Rendancy Protocol (CARP).