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① 怎麼用英語說做茶的過程

How is Tea Made?
Tea professionals often spend years to understand just one style of tea proction, so we certainly can't cover all of the nuances and varieties in one class. That said, tea proction falls into one of two styles (Orthodox or Non-orthodox, the latter usually being the CTC, or 'Crush-Tear-Curl,' method), and includes five basic processing steps. These steps can be adjusted depending on the style of tea being proced.
Orthodox Proction
Step 1. Plucking: The leaves are harvested by hand, usually ranging between just the unopened bud to the top three leaves and the bud, depending on the tea being created. In order to make hand plucking possible, the tea "trees" are pruned into waist-high bushes. After plucking, the leaves are sorted for uniformity and any stems, twigs, broken leaves, etc. are removed.
Step 2. Withering: The leaves are laid out to wilt and wither for several hours to prepare them for further processing. Tea leaves, even fresh tender ones, aren't very pliable. Without withering, they would shatter and crumble when rolled and shaped. During withering, the leaves are very gently fluffed, rotated and monitored to ensure even exposure to the air.
Step 3. Rolling: This is where thousands of varieties in tea appearance are created, and also where the process of developing flavor is started. The softened tea leaves are rolled, pressed or twisted to break the cell walls of the leaf, wringing out the juices inside. This exposes enzymes and essential oils in the leaf to oxygen in the air - the start of oxidation.
Step 4. Oxidation: After rolling, the leaves are laid out to rest for several hours, allowing oxidation to take place. Oxidation is the process in which the oxygen in the air interacts with the now-exposed enzymes in the leaf, turning it a reddish-brown color and changing the chemical composition. This step also has the greatest impact in the creation of the many wonderful and complex flavors in tea. The length of this process depends on the style of tea being proced and the ambient conditions at the time. Depending on the type of tea, from here the leaves could be rolled again and oxidized further, or not.
Step 5. Firing: The final step in the proction process is to "fire" or heat the leaves quickly to dry them to below 3% moisture content and stop the oxidation process. A good, even drying with very low resial moisture also ensures the tea will keep well.

CTC Proction CTC, or Crush-Tear-Curl proction is a very different process. All five steps of Orthodox processing are performed, but much more rapidly and in a limited fashion. CTC was invented specifically for the black tea instry, in an effort to save time (a single batch of tea otherwise can take over a day to proce) and money.
The three basic differences between Orthodox and CTC teas are:
1. The appearance of the leaf Orthodox proction seeks to maintain the integrity of the leaf, whether completely it's hand-made or with assistance from rolling machines and such. The tea leaves are not chopped, shredded, minced, etc. The shapes proced vary tremendously, but no matter whether it's green tea, oolong or black, Orthodox processing uses the wholeness of the leaf itself to create a diverse range of flavors in the cup. By contrast, CTC teas do not rely on the wholeness of the leaf.
2. The machinery involved CTC is proced on a machine which takes fresh, whole leaves and macerates them (crushing, tearing and curling them, hence the name). The ground up leaf is rolled into little pellets and oxidized. The tea proced visually resembles Grape Nuts cereal or large coffee grounds. Because the leaf is completely broken up, every part of the process moves very quickly. A whole batch can take just two hours. In Orthodox processing, while some tea leaves can look very small at the end, the leaves are never intentionally cut or torn apart. They are carefully rolled and handled just enough to proce a certain flavor, and their proction relies on true tea artisans who have trained for years - in many cases, generations - to make that specific tea.
3. The flavor profile As mentioned, CTC was invented specifically for black tea proction. These fast-infusing teas are ideal for the tea bag instry, as well as for use in spicy chai blends and iced tea (because of the color). Their flavor is very one-dimensional: bold, powerful and brightly coloring with a pungent astringency. Orthodox teas - because the leaf is not treated the same way - don't proce this type of color and body. However, CTC cannot proce the tremendous range of flavor and aroma which Orthodox teas are loved for. First of all, you can't use the CTC method to make white teas, oolongs, etc. The shredded leaf oxidizes too quickly. There are a few CTC green teas, but this is accomplished by steaming the leaves to prevent oxidation. That's about as elaborate as it gets. Secondly, because Orthodox proction requires so much time, the tea maker is able to draw out and develop very nuanced flavors. Everything done to the leaf will alter the flavor of the tea.

Why roll tea leaves?
Orthodox teas can be found in an incredible variety of shapes and sizes, from long needles to tightly rolled gunpowder balls. In China especially, the quality and style of the leaf is prized as much or more than the actual taste of the brew.
The practice of rolling tea leaves helps to preserve the essential oils, which contribute to the wonderful aroma of tea. Tightly rolled teas also store better, which was important in the early days of tea trade, as the journey from place to place could take months or years.
The CTC process of chopping the leaves into small, uniform pieces makes it impossible for the leaf to hold on these essential oils. CTC teas also lose their flavor and quality much more quickly. Loose tea, if properly stored, can keep for up to 2 years. CTC teas typically keep their best taste for only 4-6 months.
The reality of the tea bag instry is that, by the time the tea bag reaches the customers cup, the tea is often already more than 6 months old and is past its prime. To combat this, some specialty tea companies are now offering whole leaf teas in larger, pyramid bags or sachets. These new offerings make it possible to sell the same tea in a bag that one might find loose in the world's finest tea shops. While this IS possible, buyer beware - most bagged teas are still not very fresh.

② 痙攣性斜頸是後天才有的嗎

臨床觀察發現，其中70%～80%的病例見於左側，10%～20%的患兒伴有先天性髖關節脫位。在病理解剖方面，僅能證實形成胸鎖乳突肌攣縮的組織主要是已經變性的纖維組織。其中病情嚴重者肌纖維完全破壞消失，細胞核大部分溶解，部分殘留的核呈不規則濃縮狀;中間可能出現再生的橫紋肌及新生的毛細血管，亦可發現成纖維細胞，對這種現象的出現目前有以下幾種見解。
1.宮內胎位學說早於Hippoerates時代即已提出畸形多系胎兒在子宮內姿勢不正引起的壓力改變所致。近年來的研究亦表明，此種由於壓應力改變所致的胸鎖乳突肌發育壓抑是斜頸畸形的主要原因之一。
2.血運受阻學說無論是供應胸鎖乳突肌的動脈支還是其靜脈支，當閉塞時，即可引起肌肉的纖維化，此可從實驗性研究中得到證實此種見解尚未被大家普遍接受。
3.遺傳學說臨床調查發現，約有1/5的患兒有家族史且多伴有其他部分的畸形。表明其與遺傳因素亦有一定關系。
4.產傷學說先天性斜頸多發生於難產分娩的病例，尤其是臀位產者，約佔3/4病例但反對者認為，在組織病理學檢查時，從未在纖維化的胸鎖乳突肌中發現有任何含鐵血黃素痕跡可見因此推測其並非因產傷所致。

③ 幫忙翻譯一份資料，內容有點多，好的再追加30分

早年生活

瑞安Martinie長大，發揮正常，伊利諾伊州的低音。他的父親給了他在12歲，第一次低音，當時他開始挑選Metallica的歌曲教自己。
他研究了爵士貝司，並贏得了一些古典聲樂高中獎項。 [1]他也成了興趣劍吞咽。

他在一夢劇院風格前衛搖滾樂壇稱為殘破。[編輯]斷祭壇萊阿爾德里奇（吉他手）和西恩帕特里克（鼓手）前成員加入重金屬的布盧明頓，伊利諾伊州樂隊LowTwelve。[編輯]
編輯]設備

[編輯]貝司

主要低音：5華威拇指低音弦，烏木指板，硬鉻，鎳煩惱的。

錄音設置：全部過Ampeg鑽機，加上駐波每個勞動者的10頭駕駛格雷格特利拜特的梅薩布吉4x12吉他櫃增加中端和高端。 [2]

傳記

瑞安Martinie長大發揮Peiora，白細胞介素低音。他研究了爵士貝司，並贏得了一些古典聲樂高中獎項。他還到劍swollowing。他早期的一些影響，包括吉米亨德里克斯，披頭士，海灘男孩和幾個大樂隊爵士樂團體。他在夢劇院風格前衛搖滾樂壇被稱為斷。

1996年，Mudvayne成立。他們最初有不同的大提琴手。 1997年，仍與舊的貝司手，Mudvayne發行了第一張CD：殺人，我Oughta。然而在1998年，在看到殘破的祭壇，生活，Mudvayne要求瑞安加入他們的樂隊。雖然他不願留在第一殘破的祭壇，他加入後，認識到他們對自己的樂隊嚴重Mudvayne。

2000年，Mudvayne發布L.D. 50，其突破性專輯。他們來到陌生的穿著上油漆現場，面對沉重的音樂播放。 2001年，Mudvayne公布的萬物的開始到結束，這是一個重新的第一張專輯，殺死釋放，我Oughta，連同其單一挖掘現場錄音。

秉的聲音

瑞安incorperates到他扮演許多影響和風格。他是受爵士，放克，經典搖滾和重金屬。他用耳光，雙摑（一摑技術用於獲得額外的速度）和指彈。他的演奏低音獨特的方式增加了一個層面Mudvayne。

④ 幫我翻譯下翻譯為英文 化工的 謝謝了

Three-way catalyst (TWC) is the control of vehicle exhaust pollution one of the most effective means. Ce zirconium solid solution (CZ) because of its good performance was stored oxygen to the extensive use of three-way catalyst. Baptist in the exhaust gas in the process involves a lot of reaction, the reaction between the complex interaction, so the response of the network it is particularly important. This study used sol - gel synthesis of the cerium zirconium solid solution, a volume impregnation load 0.5% of the precious metal Pd, in order to examine the aging treatment on the catalytic activity of the fresh samples in 950 ℃ and 1050 ℃ with 10% H2O An atmosphere of thermal aging water treatment. Major research atmosphere at the different reactions to the CO and C3H8 catalytic activity of the law. By XRD Characterization of the samples crystalline structure and surface patterns, use of BET inspected samples of the surface area catalytic activity. And the samples stored oxygen performance of the study.
Key words: Three-way catalyst; cerium zirconium solid solution; storage of oxygen; palladium; water gas conversion reaction; reforming reaction