eng虛擬貨幣

『壹』 索羅斯鼓吹人民幣升值，打的是什麼主意

人民幣升值的主意，這么說吧，現在外國進口中國商品最重要的是便宜，因為中國勞動力便宜啊，如果升級了，相對於來說成本就高了，在外國的價格優勢就會減弱，最終外國進口中國的商品量會受到影響，當初日本也經歷這個問題，日元的升值直接導致了日本的泡沫經濟，使日本經濟倒退，成為美國的經濟附庸。 望採納

『貳』 乖，裙，兜，幣，哎，櫥，拼音及音序。

【漢語拼音】乖(ɡuāi) ， 裙(qún) ， 兜(dōu) ， 幣(bì) ， 哎(āi) ， 櫥(chú)

Ps：在拼寫拼音時，常常要注意以下幾個問題。
1）前鼻音和後鼻音不可混淆。如in和ing，en和eng等。
2）平舌音和翹舌音不可混淆。如zi和chi，si和shi等。
3）聲調符號切不可標錯位置。如把會（hui）的第四聲錯標在字母u上，實則標在字母i上。
4）處理「一不七八」等變調的字標注按原調，讀的時候要變調。比如，一定，「一」原本是一聲，但是要讀成第二聲。

參考資料［變調］：http://ke..com/link?url=fV0NQvU_q7t8M-_fX3CpsX4Wg99HBgSI3Z9iSLK

『叄』 紀念幣章的拼音字母

（紀念幣章）拼音如下：
【漢語拼音】紀(jì) 念(niàn) 幣(bì) 章(zhānɡ)
【無聲調版】紀(ji) 念(niɑn) 幣(bi) 章(zhɑnɡ) （這一種供拼音輸入）

Ps：在拼寫拼音時，常常要注意以下幾個問題。
1）前鼻音和後鼻音不可混淆。如in和ing，en和eng等。
2）平舌音和翹舌音不可混淆。如zi和chi，si和shi等。
3）聲調符號切不可標錯位置。如把會（hui）的第四聲錯標在字母u上，實則標在字母i上。
4）處理「一不七八」等變調的字標注按原調，讀的時候要變調。比如，一定，「一」原本是一聲，但是要讀成第二聲。

參考資料［變調］：http://ke..com/link?url=fV0NQvU_q7t8M-_fX3CpsX4Wg99HBgSI3Z9iSLK

『肆』 ENG什麼時候在火幣Global上線充提

火幣Global定於北京時間2018年2月12日14:00開放Enigma(ENG)充值業務。2018年2月14日14:00開放ENG提現業務。

『伍』 人民幣匯率是怎麼算的

中國人民銀行根據前一日銀行間外匯市場形成的價格，公布人民幣對美元等主要貨幣的匯率，各銀行以此為依據，在中國人民銀行規定的浮動幅度內自行掛牌。
當前我國允許人民幣兌美元匯率在中間價上下2%的范圍內波動，兌林吉特和人民幣兌盧布在中間價上下5%的范圍內波動。非美元兌人民幣匯率在中間價水平上下3%的范圍內波動。

『陸』 ENG什麼時候在火幣Global上線交易

火幣Global定於北京時間2018年2月13日18:00在創新區開放ENG/BTC和ENG/ETH交易

『柒』 "人民幣匯率改革" 英文怎麼說

一樓的正解。
三樓的也可以接受，但是建議CNY改為RMB。因為CNY是外匯交易中用到的貨幣所寫，而RMB才是被廣泛接受為英語單詞的表示方法。

『捌』 求一篇關於人民幣升值的文章,中文和英文都要

RMB Appreciation

The impact of RMB appreciation
As the comprehensive strength of the national economy grows, the Chinese currency, the Renminbi (RMB) began to appreciate. Effects of the RMB's appreciation since July have been felt both domestically and abroad, and will become even more significant with time. China should embrace the new opportunities that appreciation has opened-up and allow more room for the national economy to grow in the process of globalization.

People need to be aware that the appreciation of the RMB may have some less desirable effects on economic growth in the short term. Currently, China's export market still relies heavily on cheap labor to compete in the international market. As its added value is low, the appreciation of the RMB will affect China's export and consequently the overall growth rate of the national economy. However, there are also many positive aspects to the appreciation of the RMB. In the long run, RMB appreciation will generate more development opportunities. People will feel richer, it will improve China's status and influence in the world economy and it will change the commodity structure and the flow of investment. It will also have a significant influence on the structure of domestic proction resources.

First of all, it will accelerate instrial upgrading. In a market economy, the fluctuation of the foreign exchange rate involves the international balance of incomes and expenses and is an important price indicator. The appreciation of the RMB means that the price of various domestic resources, especially land and labor, will go up in relative terms and this will speed up necessary adjustments to the commodity mix and domestic instry. RMB appreciation will graally change the value of the international and domestic markets. Domestic enterprises will rely more on sales to the domestic market so that national economic growth is less dependent on export demand and a more reasonable instrial structure will form.

Secondly, it will promote technical innovation. In many countries, technical innovation relies primarily on a market mechanism which makes good use of price as a lever. China's proction process is enormously costly in terms of resources and energy, and labor is too cheap. The appreciation of the RMB will cause an increase in the domestic prices of such things as land and labor as well stimulate the demand for innovation. Procts for export must rely on technological innovation to be more competitive internationally. In the domestic market, enterprises are also forced to compete through technological innovation. Simply speaking, the appreciation of the RMB will cause the formation of a market environment that is concive to speeding up technological innovation.

Thirdly, the appreciation of the RMB will benefit the people. On the one hand, it will make imported procts relatively cheaper. It will also be cheaper for Chinese to travel abroad. This will increase consumption. On the other hand, it will push up the market price of domestic financial assets, changing the financial market structure. If other conditions don't change, Chinese people will feel richer as the value of their money grows and further stimulates domestic demand. Of greater strategic significance is the fact that the appreciation of the RMB will make the price Chinese labor price higher.

RMB appreciation reflects the success of Chinese economic development after reform and opening up. It is also an important turning point in China's social and economic situation. The downsides to RMB appreciation shouldn't be overemphasized. The fluctuation of the RMB is the result of changes to the current economic structure and will have an important impact on the economic structure of the future. Maintaining the status quo is short-sighted and will harm the long-term interests of China. The best choice is to speed up the transformation of the economic growth mode and adapt to the appreciation of RMB to make the most from the process.

By People's Daily Online; The author, Chen Feixiang, is the Director of the Economic and Financial Deparment of Tongji University.
----------------------------
RMB Appreciation Positive for Economy, Trade

China's long-awaited but unexpected decision to appreciate its currency sent shock waves to the international financial market.

Economists hold that the new RMB rating system will have a positive effect on the country's economy in the long run.

The RMB yuan, which had been pegged to the US dollar for over a decade at a rate of one dollar for 8.27 yuan, began to be traded at 8.11 starting 19:00 Thursday, according to the announcement released by China's central bank, with pegging system being switched to refer to a basket of foreign currencies.

"The 2 percent appreciation of RMB may weaken exports and boost imports," Wang Zhao, a research fellow with State Council Development Research Center Marco-economy Department, said, "in other words, the net exports will see a decline."

However, the move helps China build a healthy and sustainable development structure. The export-oriented policy of RMB being pegged to the US dollar, which made made-in-China commodities less expensive, provoked a series of trade conflicts in the latest years."

Many overseas firms moved to China to take advantage of China's cheap labor force. The appreciation of RMB squeezes the profit margin of labor-intensive and heavily-polluted firms, Wang said.

"For example, some tennis rackets are made of carbonic material, which is heavy-polluted. The appreciation might force these companies to leave China," he said.

"According to the purchasing power parity evaluation, the RMB was really undervalued," said Zhao Yumin, a research fellow on the international market from the Ministry of Commerce. "The appreciation pushes RMB closer to its real value."

"The key factor to a proct is technology instead of foreign exchange rate," Zhao said, " Some low-end procers will be washed out. However, the appreciation will not have much impact on high-end companies."

Foreign manufacturers whose procts target China's market, such as Motorola, would not feel much pressure. Yet those targeting overseas market might need a second thought, Zhao said.

Tang Min, deputy resident representative of the Asia Development Bank's PRC Resident Mission, said the pegging system reform would have a limited effect on foreign trade in the short term.

"The reform indicated that China's foreign exchange system is developing towards a more flexible, mature, and market-oriented direction. Summing up the reform experiences of other developing countries, China should push for the reform slowly to fence off unexpected risks," Tang said.

Tang's remarks were echoed by Zhao Yumin. "The appreciation and reform are a wise decision," she said, "first of all, the appreciation could help rub off trade conflict pressure from China's trade partners. Second, the modest movement of RMB will not result in big fluctuation in the financial market. Third, the pegging reform leaves enough space for the continuous reform on the yuan's rate."

"More importantly, referring to a basket of currencies can hedge off more financial risks than to a single currency," Zhao said.

(Xinhua News Agency July 25, 2005)
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這里還有好多資料哦

http://www3.nccu.e.tw/~ctung/Documents/W-A-d-37.pdf

http://houston.china-consulate.org/eng/nv/t80819.htm

http://www.bjreview.com.cn/backgrounder/txt/2007-02/12/content_55920.htm

『玖』 當一種新的幣種出現時，它的匯率是如何確定的

我們平時從報紙上讀到的都是名義匯率-E.

名義匯率是一國貨幣跟另一國貨幣的價格之比.比如美元對德國馬克是1.43DM/$或0.70$/DM.簡單地說,就是一個美元可以換算成多少個馬克.我們平時到銀行去兌換就是按照名義匯率折算. 在本節及以後的章節中,我們通常以一單位外國貨幣換多少本國貨幣的形式來表示名義匯率.比如 8.26Yuan/$等. 這樣的話, 如果E上升,也就意味著一單位外國貨幣可以兌換更多本國貨幣,那麼我們說本國貨幣貶值;反之如果E下降,本國貨幣升值.

名義匯率是我們日常生活中最常見的,但是這里我們想討論的是匯率跟宏觀經濟之間的互動關系,從名義匯率里我們看不到什麼關系,所以對於宏觀經濟學學生而言,名義匯率並不是我們特別關心的. 國家之間發生貿易的時候進出口商關心的不僅僅是我的錢能換成國外多少錢,更在於我的錢能從你那兒買多少東西.如果我1塊錢可以兌換成你100個外幣,但是你國內的東西價格比我國內貴200倍,那我還是不能從你那兒進口東西.所以國內國外的價格在這里必須考慮進去. 怎麼考慮? 假如我現在手裡有1塊錢人民幣,國內價格是P,那麼我可以買 1/P 個單位的中國貨物. 如果我兌換成美元, 那麼我可以得到 1/E 美元. 國外價格是P*,那麼我可以買 1/EP* 個單位的美國貨物. 換句話說, 中國 1/P單位的貨物可以換得 1/EP*個單位的美國貨物. 那也就是說, 1個單位的美國貨物可以換成 EP*/P 個單位的中國貨物. 這個概念就是十分重要的實際匯率 RER.

另一個角度看實際匯率: 同樣一件貨物,中國賣P/單位,美國賣P*/單位,換算成人民幣就是EP*/單位.那麼實際匯率其實就是同一件貨物外國用本國貨幣衡量的價格與本國價格之比.這樣進出口商就容易比較了:比如,汽車進口商需要決定是否進口汽車.他先看本國汽車市場價格P,然後看美國汽車市場價格P*,並將之換成EP*人民幣,與本國價格P對比,如果高於本國價格,那麼就不進口.如果實際匯率上升,意味著1單位外國貨物換的本國貨物多了,那麼自然本國匯率貶值;反之RER下降本國匯率升值. 這個跟名義匯率一樣. 用我們的第二個角度考慮,如果實際匯率上升,那麼同一樣東西外國賣得價格更高了,進口商利潤空間減小,從而進口數量減少, 所以對本國進口商來說實際匯率貶值有害,而反之對本國出口商有利. 注意: 1. 我們討論匯率對進出口的影響,都是談的實際匯率,而不是名義匯率,理由開篇已經說過; 2. 雖然實際匯率貶值使進口數量Q(m)減少,但反映在國際收支平衡表中經常項目下的進口總額V(m)=Q(m)EP*=Q(m)*RER*P.現在Q下降,但RER上升,所以難以判斷進口總額的變化方向.事實上是,很多發展中國家在本國貨幣貶值期間,出口總額固然上升,但與之同時進口總額也有所上升.這就是因為Q(m)並沒有減少太多,由於這些發展中國家對發達國家的進口依賴度很高.

以上的實際匯率是兩國之間的匯率,我們稱之為"Bilateral Real Exchange Rate".但是我們知道,客觀世界中一個國家在跟許許多多國家進行貿易,那就有許許多多個雙邊實際匯率.這對我們的經濟分析是十分麻煩的.能不能建立一個綜合性的多邊實際匯率 Muitilateral Real Exchange Rate 呢? 我們說可以. 比方說建立一個中國跟其貿易夥伴之間的多邊實際匯率. 中國跟美國之間有一個雙邊實際匯率可以根據RER(US)=EP*/P計算得到,同樣中國跟英國之間的雙邊實際匯率RER(ENG)也可以計算出來,跟印度RER(IND),跟韓國RER(KOR),跟伊拉克RER(IRA)等等都可以計算.中國出口到美國的貨物佔中國向世界總出口的a%,出口到英國的占總出口b%,出口到印度的佔c%,韓國的d%,伊拉克的e%.那麼中國對世界的雙邊實際匯率(其實就是中國的多邊實際匯率MRER,衡量的是一個單位世界貨物可以換成多少單位的中國同樣的貨物)就是加權平均:

MRER=RER(US)a%+RER(ENG)b%+RER(IND)c%+RER(KORE)d%+RER(IRA)e%

這樣算出的是出口方面的多邊實際匯率,進口同樣可以算出.為了方便起見,經濟學家取進口多邊實際匯率和出口多邊實際匯率的平均作為最終一個國家的多邊實際匯率.

總結: 實際匯率上升,說明國外貨物貴了,本國匯率貶值,對出口有利,對進口有損;實際匯率下降,說明本國貨物相對貴了,本國匯率升值,對進口有利,對出口有損.

最後,我們來看一個將名義匯率E跟宏觀經濟參數之一利率聯系起來的模型.這是名義匯率跟宏觀經濟分析之間的一個橋梁,沒有它,我們將無法具體分析名義匯率對宏觀經濟的影響. 假設你現在有1美元,你可以有兩個選擇如何投資這個1美元.第一,你可以購買美國債券,這樣你一年可以獲得(1+i(t))美元;第二,你可以先換成1/E(t)馬克,然後購買德國債券,這樣一年後可以獲得(1+i*(t))/E(t)馬克,然後換成美金,你期望得到Ee(t+1)(1+i*(t))/E(t)的美元.其中Ee(t+1)是對時間段(t+1)匯率的預期.根據無投機市場條件,你在美國的投資回報應該等於你在德國的投資回報.所以,我們有這樣的公式:

1+i(t)=Ee(t+1)(1+i*(t))/E(t),由數學估算我們可以近似得到:

i(t)=i*(t)+(Ee-E)/E

這就是著名的UIP條件等式(uncovered interest parity condition).雖然簡單,卻十分重要.比如,它可以解釋金融危機的發生.如果人們對一個國家預期貨幣將會貶值,那麼Ee上升,要保持這個等式,要麼本國利率i(t)提高,要麼現在的匯率E也要上升,也就是貶值.這正是我們在97年亞洲金融危機中所看到的.該等式另一個意思是,如果兩國匯率採用的是盯牢制,比如人民幣盯住美元維持匯率在一穩定范圍,那麼E不變,同時如果人們相信中國能夠盯牢美元,那麼人們的匯率預期Ee也變化不大,這樣的話,我們從等式中可以判斷,兩國的利率走向應該大致一樣.這在實際生活中是被驗證了的.

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